All of the following are possible explanations for the dramatic diversification of early animals known as the Cambrian explosion except: A. Increase in calcium concentration in seawater 3. Evolution of developmental gene families C. Evolution of vision D. Co-evolution with vascular plants E. Reaching a “complexity threshold"

All of the following are possible explanations for the dramatic diversification of early animals known as the Cambrian explosion except: A. Increase in calcium concentration in seawater 3. Evolution of developmental gene families C. Evolution of vision D. Co-evolution with vascular plants E. Reaching a “complexity threshold"

Biology Today and Tomorrow without Physiology (MindTap Course List)

5th Edition

ISBN:9781305117396

Author:Cecie Starr, Christine Evers, Lisa Starr

Publisher:Cecie Starr, Christine Evers, Lisa Starr

Chapter11: Evidence Of Evolution

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 5SQ

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The Cambrian explosion is a conundrum: how can the long prior history of the phyla, revealed by molecular divergence, be reconciled with their absence, and then sudden appearance, in the fossil record?
800 Proterozoic 700 600 541 Phanerozoic 485 Demospongiae Hemichordata Echinodermata Vertebrata Nemertea Brachiopoda Mollusca Annelida Bryozoa Priapulida Onychophora Arthropoda Cnidaria
EVOLUTION LINK Examine the cladogram in Figure 30-6a. Based on the discussion in this chapter, what were some of the types of data that biologists used to determine these phylogenetic relationships?
To test evolutionary hypotheses, you make a phylogeny of a group of organisms based on six traits. You suspect tree dwelling evolved to allow for nest building. A В 4 2 E 5 G 3 J 1 = singing 2= nest-building 3 = short legs K 4 4 = hollow snout M - 6 N 5 = crest 6=tree dwelling a) Based on your phylogeny, did hollow snouts evolve to allow singing? Explain your answer. b) Your friend wants to put all of the species that have hollow snouts into a single taxonomic group. Is this a good taxonomic group? Explain your answer. CO
A вс D E F G scales fur/ scales spikes horns horns claws feathers hair a) Which trait(s) did the most recent common ancestor of dragons A and B have? [ [ Select ] b) Which trait(s) appear to be the result of convergent evolution? [ Select ] c) Which trait(s) does dragon D have? [Select ] d) Which taxa is most closely related to dragon B? [ Select ] f) True or false? The clade formed by dragons D, E, and their most recent common ancestor is monophyletic [ Select ] e) Which trait(s) did the most recent common ancestor of dragon species A and E have? [ Select ]
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Shows how modern organisms descended from common ancestors Structures that do not serve a function and are similar to those found in earlier organisms 1. Transitional Species Compares the age of fossils to each other based on the layers of rock they are found in 2. Vestigial structure 3. Fossil Record 4. Relative Dating Evidence of gradual change between a new species and its ancestor 5. Radiometric Dating Structures that related species have inherited from a common ancestor 6. Homologous Structures uses radioactive elements to narrow down the age of a fossil to a specific period
What must be TRUE of any organ described as vestigial? It need be neither homologous nor analogous to some feature in an ancestor. O It must be analogous to some feature in an ancestor. O It must be homologous to some feature in an ancestor. OIt must be both homologous and analogous to some feature in an ancestor.
The phylogenetic tree to the right showsthe evolutionary relationships of taxa A –H. The shapes represent character statetrait changes. A. Which traits (shapes) would individualsin taxa D have? Draw the collection oftraits. B. Is the triangle a synapomorphy orpleisomorphy (circle one)? C. Is the circle a synapomorphy orsympleisomorphy (circle one)?
A number of scientists believe that the Permian extinction was caused by huge volcanic lava flows (from the Siberian traps) that may have caused low oxygen concentrations compared to the high oxygen levels in the Permian. Does this low oxygen level after the Permian extinction make it likely that dinosaurs, especially large ones, did not evolve immediately after the Permian extinction (252 million years ago)? Why or why not?
Snakes evolved from ancestors who had the ability to walk. Some snakes, in fact, still have small pelvis and leg bones that are rermnants from this ancestor. What are these called? * O Vestigial structure Homologous strucre O Sympatric structure Molecular homology
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