The total dose for Lime, in mg/L as CaCO3, is:a) 576b) 476c) 226d) 350e) 200 The total dose for Soda Ash, in mg/L as CaCO3, is:a) 46b) 26c) 6d) 36e) 16 Groundwateris defined by the following analysis:Ca²+= 80 mg/L as Ca²+2+Mg²+ = 55 mg/L as Mg²+2+HCO3 =350 mg/L as CaCO3pH = 8.0The target total hardness is 80 mg/L as CaCO3, in which carbonate hardness, CH = 40 mg/L as CaCO3FORMULAEQUIVALENT WEIGHT (g/EW)CaCO350Ca²+20Mg²+12.2HCO3mgL-as CaCO3=mgLas species X61Equivalent Weight of CaCO3 (g/EW)Equivalent Weight of Species (g/EW) Copyright © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission required for reproduction or display.ADD lime - CO₂ADD lime = HCO,NoIs Mg2+ADD lime(Mg2+40 mg/L?NoIN(Mg2+40) = 207(Mg²+ 40) > 40?NoYesADD lime-(Mg2+40)ADD lime 40 mg/Lthere NCH tobe removed?ADD lime-20 mg/LYesAdd Soda -NCH to beremovedYesNoStop

Given Ca= 80mg/litre Mg= 55mg/litre Hco3= 350mg/litre Total hardness= 80mg/litre as caco3 Carbonate…

ADD lime No 20 mg/L Add Soda- NCH to be removed Yes Yes Is Mg 40 mg/L? IN (Mg2+ -40) 207 No ADD lime (Mg2+ 40) there NCH to be removed? No No ADD lime- (Mg2+ IN (Mg2+40) 407 Yes ADD lime 40 mg/L. Stop

ADD lime No 20 mg/L Add Soda- NCH to be removed Yes Yes Is Mg 40 mg/L? IN (Mg2+ -40) 207 No ADD lime (Mg2+ 40) there NCH to be removed? No No ADD lime- (Mg2+ IN (Mg2+40) 407 Yes ADD lime 40 mg/L. Stop

Structural Analysis

6th Edition

ISBN:9781337630931

Author:KASSIMALI, Aslam.

Publisher:KASSIMALI, Aslam.

Chapter2: Loads On Structures

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 1P

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Concept explainers

Landfills

The landfill is a site used for the disposal of waste materials. The landfill is a solid waste facility that is often known as a dumping ground. The image below shows a landfill site in Hawaii. Landfilling is the most ancient and common method used for the disposal of waste. For the landfill, a deep trench is constructed in an isolated place away from the city. The trench for landfills is designed properly after analyzing the total population and the waste generation per capita. The waste is dumped into the trench and after every layer of waste, a layer of soil is spread on the top of it.

Question

100%

The total dose for Lime, in mg/L as CaCO₃, is:

a) 576

b) 476

c) 226

d) 350

e) 200

The total dose for Soda Ash, in mg/L as CaCO₃, is:

a) 46

b) 26

c) 6

d) 36

e) 16

Groundwater
is defined by the following analysis:
Ca²+
= 80 mg/L as Ca²+
2+
Mg²+ = 55 mg/L as Mg²+
2+
HCO3 =350 mg/L as CaCO3
pH = 8.0
The target total hardness is 80 mg/L as CaCO3, in which carbonate hardness, CH = 40 mg/L as CaCO3
FORMULA
EQUIVALENT WEIGHT (g/EW)
CaCO3
50
Ca²+
20
Mg²+
12.2
HCO3
mg
L
-as CaCO3
=
mg
L
as species X
61
Equivalent Weight of CaCO3 (g/EW)
Equivalent Weight of Species (g/EW)

Copyright © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission required for reproduction or display.
ADD lime - CO₂
ADD lime = HCO,
No
Is Mg2+
ADD lime
(Mg2+
40 mg/L?
No
IN
(Mg2+40) = 207
(Mg²+ 40) > 40?
No
Yes
ADD lime-
(Mg2+
40)
ADD lime 40 mg/L
there NCH to
be removed?
ADD lime-20 mg/L
Yes
Add Soda -
NCH to be
removed
Yes
No
Stop

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