Acetaldehyde is synthesized by the catalytic dehydrogenation of ethanol: Fresh feed (pure ethanol) is blended with a recycle stream (95 mole% ethanol and 5% acetaldehyde), and the combined stream is heated and vaporized, entering the reactor at 280°C. Gases leaving the reactor are cooled to condense the acetaldehyde and unreacted ethanol. Off-gas from the condenser is sent to a scrubber, where the uncondensed organic compounds are removed and hydrogen is recovered as a by-product. The condensate from the condenser, which is 45 mole% ethanol, is sent to a distillation column that produces a distillate containing 99 mole% acetaldehyde and a bottoms product that constitutes the recycle blended with fresh feed to the process. The production rate of the distillate is 1000 kg/h. The pressure throughout the process may be taken as 1 atm absolute. If the reactor effluent is at 360C and the downstream condenser operates at 18C, calculate the rate at which heat is transferred from the condenser due to the condensation of ethanol. Assume that ethanol completely condenses and for liquid ethanol, use the first value for Cp in Table B.2.
Acetaldehyde is synthesized by the catalytic dehydrogenation of ethanol: Fresh feed (pure ethanol) is blended with a recycle stream (95 mole% ethanol and 5% acetaldehyde), and the combined stream is heated and vaporized, entering the reactor at 280°C. Gases leaving the reactor are cooled to condense the acetaldehyde and unreacted ethanol. Off-gas from the condenser is sent to a scrubber, where the uncondensed organic compounds are removed and hydrogen is recovered as a by-product. The condensate from the condenser, which is 45 mole% ethanol, is sent to a distillation column that produces a distillate containing 99 mole% acetaldehyde and a bottoms product that constitutes the recycle blended with fresh feed to the process. The production rate of the distillate is 1000 kg/h. The pressure throughout the process may be taken as 1 atm absolute. If the reactor effluent is at 360C and the downstream condenser operates at 18C, calculate the rate at which heat is transferred from the condenser due to the condensation of ethanol. Assume that ethanol completely condenses and for liquid ethanol, use the first value for Cp in Table B.2.
Introduction to Chemical Engineering Thermodynamics
8th Edition
ISBN:9781259696527
Author:J.M. Smith Termodinamica en ingenieria quimica, Hendrick C Van Ness, Michael Abbott, Mark Swihart
Publisher:J.M. Smith Termodinamica en ingenieria quimica, Hendrick C Van Ness, Michael Abbott, Mark Swihart
Chapter1: Introduction
Section: Chapter Questions
Problem 1.1P
Related questions
Question
Acetaldehyde is synthesized by the catalytic dehydrogenation of ethanol:
Fresh feed (pure ethanol) is blended with a recycle stream (95 mole% ethanol and 5%
acetaldehyde), and the combined stream is heated and vaporized, entering the reactor at 280°C.
Gases leaving the reactor are cooled to condense the acetaldehyde and unreacted ethanol. Off-gas
from the condenser is sent to a scrubber, where the uncondensed organic compounds are
removed and hydrogen is recovered as a by-product. The condensate from the condenser, which
is 45 mole% ethanol, is sent to a distillation column that produces a distillate containing 99
mole% acetaldehyde and a bottoms product that constitutes the recycle blended with fresh feed
to the process. The production rate of the distillate is 1000 kg/h. The pressure throughout the
process may be taken as 1 atm absolute.
If the reactor effluent is at 360C and the downstream condenser operates at 18C, calculate the
rate at which heat is transferred from the condenser due to the condensation of ethanol. Assume
that ethanol completely condenses and for liquid ethanol, use the first value for Cp in Table B.2.
Transcribed Image Text:Feed: C₂H₂OH(1)
CONDENSER
REACTOR
Reactor
output: H₂,
C₂H₂OH(v),
CH,CHO(v)
Recycle
95 mole% C₂H,OH(1)
5 mole% CH,CHO(T)
Off-gas
to scrubber
Condensate
45 mole% C₂H-OH(1)
55 mole
CH,CHO(1)
CONDENSER
Distillate
99 mole% CH,CHOQ)
DISTILLATION
COLUMN
REBOILER
![TABLE B.2 Heat Capacities
Form 1: C₂[kJ/(mol-°C)] or [kJ/(mol-K)] = a + bT+ cT² +dT³
Form 2: C₂[kJ/(mol-°C)] or [kJ/(mol-K)] = a +bT+CT-2
Example: (Cp)acetone(g) = 0.07196+ (20.10 x 10-5) - (12.78 x 10-8)7² + (34.76 × 10-12)7³, where I is in °C.
Note: The formulas for gases are strictly applicable at pressures low enough for the ideal-gas equation of state to apply.
Compound
Acetone
Acetylene
Air
Ammonia
Ammonium sulfate
Benzene
Isobutane
n-Butane
Isobutene
Calcium carbide
Calcium carbonate
Calcium hydroxide
Formula
CH3COCH,
C₂H₂
NH₂
(NH4)2SO4
C6H6
C4H10
C4H10
C₁Hs
CaC₂
CaCO
Ca(OH)2
CaO
с
CO₂
CO₂
CO
Calcium oxide
Carbon
Carbon dioxide
Carbon monoxide
Carbon tetrachloride CC14
Chlorine
Cl₂
Copper
Cu
Mol.
Wt.
58.08
26.04
29.0
State Form
1
1
8
1
g
1
1
17.03
132.15
78.11 1 1
74 10
74.10
g
g
5
8
58.12
8
58.12 g
56.10
64.10
04.10
100.09
28.01
153.84
70.91
63.54
8
с
с
с
56.08 с
12.01
с
44.01
8
8
1
g
с
2
2
2
2
1
1
1
1
1
Temp.
Unit
ax 10³
°C 123.0
71.96
°C
°℃
42.43
°℃
28.94
V
K
28.09
EXE
35.15
923
°℃
V
K
°℃
or
°℃
2
°C
2
°C
9
K
°℃
°℃
K
°℃
K
ME
215.9
41999
126.5
23.4
200
74.06 32.95
30.13
27.88
82.88 25.64
06:00
68.62
1.19
00:04
82.34
4.975
004
89.46
03.20
92.30
on
89.5
bx 10²
18.6
20.10
6.053
0.4147
0.1965
2.954
41.84 2.03
11.18 1.095
36.11 4.233
28.95
0.4110
93.39
33.60
22.76
12.98
1.367
0.6117
ex 108
-12.78
-5.033
0.3191
0.4799
0.4421
-25.20
-18.91
-15.47
-17.27
-8.66 x 1010
-12.87 x 10¹0
-4.52 x 10¹⁰
-4.891 x 1010
-2.887
0.3548
-1.607
dx 10¹2
34.76
18.20
-1.965
1.965
-6.686
77.57
49.87
34.98
50.50
7.464
-2.220
6.473
Range
(Units
of T)
-30-60
0-1200
0-1200
0-1500
273-1800
10000
0-1200
275-328
19-920
6-67
0 130
0-1200
0120
0-1200
0 100
0-1200
0 1000
0-1200
298-720
273-1033
276 272
276-373
273-1173
273-1373
0-1500
0-1500
273-343
0-1200
273-1357](/v2/_next/image?url=https%3A%2F%2Fcontent.bartleby.com%2Fqna-images%2Fquestion%2Ff6ab806b-464c-4756-9d8f-72da0489465e%2F867a9793-9468-4cd5-88db-ef749080710d%2F13pd2pd_processed.png&w=3840&q=75)
Transcribed Image Text:TABLE B.2 Heat Capacities
Form 1: C₂[kJ/(mol-°C)] or [kJ/(mol-K)] = a + bT+ cT² +dT³
Form 2: C₂[kJ/(mol-°C)] or [kJ/(mol-K)] = a +bT+CT-2
Example: (Cp)acetone(g) = 0.07196+ (20.10 x 10-5) - (12.78 x 10-8)7² + (34.76 × 10-12)7³, where I is in °C.
Note: The formulas for gases are strictly applicable at pressures low enough for the ideal-gas equation of state to apply.
Compound
Acetone
Acetylene
Air
Ammonia
Ammonium sulfate
Benzene
Isobutane
n-Butane
Isobutene
Calcium carbide
Calcium carbonate
Calcium hydroxide
Formula
CH3COCH,
C₂H₂
NH₂
(NH4)2SO4
C6H6
C4H10
C4H10
C₁Hs
CaC₂
CaCO
Ca(OH)2
CaO
с
CO₂
CO₂
CO
Calcium oxide
Carbon
Carbon dioxide
Carbon monoxide
Carbon tetrachloride CC14
Chlorine
Cl₂
Copper
Cu
Mol.
Wt.
58.08
26.04
29.0
State Form
1
1
8
1
g
1
1
17.03
132.15
78.11 1 1
74 10
74.10
g
g
5
8
58.12
8
58.12 g
56.10
64.10
04.10
100.09
28.01
153.84
70.91
63.54
8
с
с
с
56.08 с
12.01
с
44.01
8
8
1
g
с
2
2
2
2
1
1
1
1
1
Temp.
Unit
ax 10³
°C 123.0
71.96
°C
°℃
42.43
°℃
28.94
V
K
28.09
EXE
35.15
923
°℃
V
K
°℃
or
°℃
2
°C
2
°C
9
K
°℃
°℃
K
°℃
K
ME
215.9
41999
126.5
23.4
200
74.06 32.95
30.13
27.88
82.88 25.64
06:00
68.62
1.19
00:04
82.34
4.975
004
89.46
03.20
92.30
on
89.5
bx 10²
18.6
20.10
6.053
0.4147
0.1965
2.954
41.84 2.03
11.18 1.095
36.11 4.233
28.95
0.4110
93.39
33.60
22.76
12.98
1.367
0.6117
ex 108
-12.78
-5.033
0.3191
0.4799
0.4421
-25.20
-18.91
-15.47
-17.27
-8.66 x 1010
-12.87 x 10¹0
-4.52 x 10¹⁰
-4.891 x 1010
-2.887
0.3548
-1.607
dx 10¹2
34.76
18.20
-1.965
1.965
-6.686
77.57
49.87
34.98
50.50
7.464
-2.220
6.473
Range
(Units
of T)
-30-60
0-1200
0-1200
0-1500
273-1800
10000
0-1200
275-328
19-920
6-67
0 130
0-1200
0120
0-1200
0 100
0-1200
0 1000
0-1200
298-720
273-1033
276 272
276-373
273-1173
273-1373
0-1500
0-1500
273-343
0-1200
273-1357
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Step 1: Determine the given variables
VIEWStep 2: Write the equation for heat transfer
VIEWStep 3: Calculate Qv
VIEWStep 4: Calculate Hcond
VIEWStep 5: Calculate Ql
VIEWStep 6: Calculate Q
VIEWStep 7: Calculate MW and n(distillate)
VIEWStep 8: Calculate n(condensate)
VIEWStep 9: Calculate rate of heat
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