According to the empirical (68-95-99.7) rule, if a random variable z has a standard normal distribution, then approximately 95% of all values fall between z-scores of -2 and 2. Use the standard normal table or software to determine the precise positive value of z such that 95% of the area under the standard normal density curve is between -z and z. If you use software, you may find this list of manuals useful. Give the positive value of z precise to two decimal places.
Continuous Probability Distributions
Probability distributions are of two types, which are continuous probability distributions and discrete probability distributions. A continuous probability distribution contains an infinite number of values. For example, if time is infinite: you could count from 0 to a trillion seconds, billion seconds, so on indefinitely. A discrete probability distribution consists of only a countable set of possible values.
Normal Distribution
Suppose we had to design a bathroom weighing scale, how would we decide what should be the range of the weighing machine? Would we take the highest recorded human weight in history and use that as the upper limit for our weighing scale? This may not be a great idea as the sensitivity of the scale would get reduced if the range is too large. At the same time, if we keep the upper limit too low, it may not be usable for a large percentage of the population!
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