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a. Energy conversion based on hydrocarbon fuel combustion leads to the formation of pollutants. In internal combustion (IC) engine applications, a catalytic converter is an exhaust emission control device that converts toxic gases and pollutants in exhaust gas from an IC engine into less-toxic pollutants by catalysing a reduction/oxidation reaction. List the main categories of these pollutants and briefly explain the conversion taking place in a catalytic converter.

a. Energy conversion based on hydrocarbon fuel combustion leads to the formation of pollutants. In internal combustion (IC) engine applications, a catalytic converter is an exhaust emission control device that converts toxic gases and pollutants in exhaust gas from an IC engine into less-toxic pollutants by catalysing a reduction/oxidation reaction. List the main categories of these pollutants and briefly explain the conversion taking place in a catalytic converter.

Introduction to Chemical Engineering Thermodynamics
Introduction to Chemical Engineering Thermodynamics
8th Edition
ISBN:9781259696527
Author:J.M. Smith Termodinamica en ingenieria quimica, Hendrick C Van Ness, Michael Abbott, Mark Swihart
Publisher:J.M. Smith Termodinamica en ingenieria quimica, Hendrick C Van Ness, Michael Abbott, Mark Swihart
Chapter1: Introduction
Section: Chapter Questions
Problem 1.1P
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a. Energy conversion based on hydrocarbon fuel combustion leads to the formation of pollutants. In internal combustion (IC) engine applications, a catalytic converter is an exhaust emission control device that converts toxic gases and pollutants in exhaust gas from an IC engine into less-toxic pollutants by catalysing a reduction/oxidation reaction. List the main categories of these pollutants and briefly explain the conversion taking place in a catalytic converter. b. Ammonia (NH3) is a zero-carbon fuel that can be used in combustion applications, but NH3 combustion also leads to harmful substances. List the main substances and (in one sentence) state their harmful impacts. c. The decomposition of nitrogen dioxide is given by 2NO₂2NO+O₂. In an experiment, the reaction rate constant has been measured at two temperatures, obtaining the following values: T (K) 592 627 k(cm³/mol/s) 500 1810 (i) Find the decomposition rate (in SI unit) of NO₂ at 592 K if its concentration is 4.0 mol/cm³. (ii) Find the activation energy of this decomposition reaction, assuming that the Arrhenius equation can be used to describe the dependence of the rate constant on temperature (taking the molar gas constant R = 8.314 J/mol/K).
Transcribed Image Text:a. Energy conversion based on hydrocarbon fuel combustion leads to the formation of pollutants. In internal combustion (IC) engine applications, a catalytic converter is an exhaust emission control device that converts toxic gases and pollutants in exhaust gas from an IC engine into less-toxic pollutants by catalysing a reduction/oxidation reaction. List the main categories of these pollutants and briefly explain the conversion taking place in a catalytic converter. b. Ammonia (NH3) is a zero-carbon fuel that can be used in combustion applications, but NH3 combustion also leads to harmful substances. List the main substances and (in one sentence) state their harmful impacts. c. The decomposition of nitrogen dioxide is given by 2NO₂2NO+O₂. In an experiment, the reaction rate constant has been measured at two temperatures, obtaining the following values: T (K) 592 627 k(cm³/mol/s) 500 1810 (i) Find the decomposition rate (in SI unit) of NO₂ at 592 K if its concentration is 4.0 mol/cm³. (ii) Find the activation energy of this decomposition reaction, assuming that the Arrhenius equation can be used to describe the dependence of the rate constant on temperature (taking the molar gas constant R = 8.314 J/mol/K).
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