A) What type of membrane protein is this? Integral, peripheral, monotopic, polytopic? How do you know? Justify your label by features of the protein shown in the image. B) Describe the overall tertiary structure of each protein. Be certain to mention hydrophilicity/hydrophobicity of the surfaces of this protein. C) Provide a detailed description of how each protein is held associated to the biological membrane. Protein 2 Protein 3 Protein 1 "H,N. Exterior Cytosol
Cell Structure
The knowledge and concept about the structure of the cells have changed constantly over the past years. Primarily the scientist defines the cells as a simple membranous sac with fluids and some particles. Researches have now revealed that the cell is the more complex and basic unit of life. There are different types of cells and they also differ in shape and structure. The basic three parts of a cell are cell membrane, cytoplasm, and organelle.
Plant Cell
The smallest functional unit of a living organism is known as the cell. It is composed of cytoplasm enclosed by an outer layer known as the cell membrane. A cell is classified as a prokaryotic cell and a eukaryotic cell. A prokaryotic cell does not contain a nucleus, and the genetic material is freely suspended in the cell cytoplasm; for example, bacteria are composed of a prokaryotic cell. Whereas a eukaryotic cell contains a nucleus and membrane-bound cell organelles with a specific function, plants and animal cells are examples of eukaryotic cells.
Plant Cell Types
Plants are made up of a variety of cell types that include both living and dead cells. These cells provide them mechanical and structural support along with the growth of plants. Plant tissue is a group or collection of cells, which are similar in structure and work together to accomplish a specific function. Plant cells are most similar to animal cells, both being eukaryotic cells.
![1. Integral and peripheral membrane proteins employ multiple strategies to keep them associated to a biological membrane. View these three proteins below, and for each protein shown, answer the following questions:
A) What type of membrane protein is this? Integral, peripheral, monotopic, polytopic? How do you know? Justify your label by features of the protein shown in the image.
B) Describe the overall tertiary structure of each protein. Be certain to mention hydrophilicity/hydrophobicity of the surfaces of this protein.
C) Provide a detailed description of how each protein is held associated to the biological membrane.
---
**Protein Descriptions:**
- **Protein 1:**
- Shown in red, spans the entirety of the membrane, indicating it is integral.
- Displays multiple helical structures passing through the lipid bilayer, suggesting a polytopic structure.
- Likely has hydrophobic regions within the membrane and hydrophilic regions at the ends interacting with the aqueous environment.
- **Protein 2:**
- Illustrated in blue, also spans the lipid membrane, classifying it as integral.
- Features a beta-barrel structure crossing the membrane, characterized by hydrophobic exteriors in contact with the lipid tails and hydrophilic interiors possibly forming a pore or channel.
- **Protein 3:**
- Appears to be anchored to one side of the membrane, suggesting it may be a monotopic or peripheral protein.
- Includes elements interacting with both the membrane surface and cytosol/exterior environment, utilizing varied structural domains that might include hydrophobic moieties for membrane interaction.
**Diagram Explanation:**
- **Protein 1 and Protein 2** display typical characteristics of integral proteins, with multiple transmembrane regions interacting directly with the lipid bilayer.
- **Protein 3** depicts a single-domain or peripheral interaction, relying on specific anchoring to the membrane without spanning the entire bilayer.
These features highlight each protein's unique mechanism of membrane association and structural adaptation for function within biological membranes.](/v2/_next/image?url=https%3A%2F%2Fcontent.bartleby.com%2Fqna-images%2Fquestion%2Febf69e27-3b27-4f98-a09a-8579a8586d1c%2F8a5922e5-ae6d-4c30-af54-9c903fcf0a10%2Fui02rfv_processed.png&w=3840&q=75)
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