With regard to cytoskeletal structure and function, a) Outline the structure and organisation of cytoskeletal proteins in a eukaryotic, epithelial cell.
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- List and describe the three main types of cytoskeleton. If you wanted to do immunocytochemistry to specifically stain each type of cytoskeleton, what is a protein that could be used for each cytoskeletal type (in other words, what is a unique protein for each cytoskeletal type)? What are three types of actin structures? Describe the involvement of actin structures in cell migration. How is the growth and shrinking of microtubules regulated? Then describe the roles of microtubules in: chromosomal separation during mitosis and the movement of organelles and vesicles within a cell. Describe a possible mechanism on how signaling pathways might impact the cytoskeleton, so that cell migration could be regulated in a localized manner within a multicellular organism. (hint: think about the possible transcriptional regulation of the G-protein regulators) What are 2 main challenges of protein targeting? Then describe one way these challenges are overcome during signal-based targeting and one way…List and describe the three main types of cytoskeleton. If you wanted to do immunocytochemistry to specifically stain each type of cytoskeleton, what is a protein that could be used for each cytoskeletal type (in other words, what is a unique protein for each cytoskeletal type)?2) Explain how the following cell transport systems work moving materials around inside the cell and other functions. Focus on structure and function, and Include how energy is used to accomplish these movements. A)Tubulin/Kinesin B)Actin/Myosin
- Three systems of cytoskeletal filaments exist in most eukaryotic cells. Compare them in terms of composition, function, and structure.Match following with: Golgi apparatus, Microtuble, microfilament, rouph endoplasmic reticulum , Ribosome , cytoplasm, neclus , Mitochondria, peroxisome, Smooth endoplasmic reticulum, nucleus, Plasma membrane, lysosome, Centrosome, Chromatin, Intermediate filamentName three types of cytoskeletal element, the subunitsthey are composed of, their relative sizes, and the majorfunctions of each type.
- Briefly describe the structure and function of each of the following: plasma membrane, chromatin, nucleus, nucleolus, rough endoplasmic reticulum (rough ER), Golgi complex, lysosomes, mitochondria, microfilaments, microtubules, intermediate filaments, centrioles, basal body (kinetosome), tight junction, gap junction, desmosome, glycoprotein, microvilli.Which of the cytoskeletal structures depicted provide resistance against mechanical stress (think about the disease that causes blistering of the skin with the slightest touch)?Give the respective structural descriptions and functions of the following: 1. Cell Membrane 2. Nucleus 3. Nucleolus 4. Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum 5. Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum 6. Nuclear Membrane 7. Mitochondria 8. Golgi Apparatus 9. Cytoskeleton
- In some eukaryote organisms, myocytes are a type of stem cell that become Muscle cells. These cells filled with a protein called myosin. Such cell products are stored in cell structures that are formed from: A) the nucleus, B) from the smooth ER as vesicles, C) are engulfed into the cell by phagocytosis, D) are released from the cell by the process of Exocytosis, E) the lysosomes.12) Match the cell-cell junction on the left with the appropriate function on the right. Note that more than one letter may apply for a particular function and that each letter may be used more than once or not at all. A) Gap junctions provides a very strong attachment point between cells B) Desmosomes allow easy movement of large amounts of substances between adjacent cells C) Plasmodesmata seals the plasma membranes of adjacent cells together, preventing the movement of molecules between them D) Tight junctionsAmong the statements a, b and c, which is/are false? a) Endocytosis is the formation of vacuoles by the plasma membrane for the purpose oftransport inside the cell a small content of extracellular fluid. b) Exocytosis is the formation of vacuoles by the plasma membrane for the purpose oftransport a small amount of intracellular fluid out of the cell. c) Pinocytosis is a form of endocytosis. d) All of these statements are false. e) None of these statements is false.