(a) What are the similarities of and differences between the1s and 2s orbitals of the hydrogen atom? (b) In what sensedoes a 2p orbital have directional character? Compare the“directional” characteristics of the px and dx2 - y2 orbitals.(That is, in what direction or region of space is the electrondensity concentrated?) (c) What can you say about the averagedistance from the nucleus of an electron in a 2s orbital ascompared with a 3s orbital? (d) For the hydrogen atom, listthe following orbitals in order of increasing energy (that is,most stable ones first): 4f, 6s, 3d, 1s, 2p.
Atomic Structure
The basic structure of an atom is defined as the component-level of atomic structure of an atom. Precisely speaking an atom consists of three major subatomic particles which are protons, neutrons, and electrons. Many theories have been stated for explaining the structure of an atom.
Shape of the D Orbital
Shapes of orbitals are an approximate representation of boundaries in space for finding electrons occupied in that respective orbital. D orbitals are known to have a clover leaf shape or dumbbell inside where electrons can be found.
(a) What are the similarities of and differences between the
1s and 2s orbitals of the hydrogen atom? (b) In what sense
does a 2p orbital have directional character? Compare the
“directional” characteristics of the px and dx2 - y2 orbitals.
(That is, in what direction or region of space is the electron
density concentrated?) (c) What can you say about the average
distance from the nucleus of an electron in a 2s orbital as
compared with a 3s orbital? (d) For the hydrogen atom, list
the following orbitals in order of increasing energy (that is,
most stable ones first): 4f, 6s, 3d, 1s, 2p.
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