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Write the condensed electron configurations of the parent element and the ions Rank the jons in order of increasing radius.

Write the condensed electron configurations of the parent element and the ions Rank the jons in order of increasing radius.

Chemistry
Chemistry
10th Edition
ISBN:9781305957404
Author:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCoste
Publisher:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCoste
Chapter1: Chemical Foundations
Section: Chapter Questions
Problem 1RQ: Define and explain the differences between the following terms. a. law and theory b. theory and...
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explain the method of ranking increasing radius as well.

### Ion Analysis and Electron Configurations Given the following ions: Na\(^{+}\), Mg\(^{2+}\), S\(^{2-}\), Cl\(^{-}\) #### (a) Condensed Electron Configurations Below are the condensed electron configurations for the parent elements and their ions: - **Na (Sodium)** - Parent Element: [Ne] 3s\(^1\) - Ion (Na\(^+\)): [Ne] - **Mg (Magnesium)** - Parent Element: [Ne] 3s\(^2\) - Ion (Mg\(^{2+}\)): [Ne] - **S (Sulfur)** - Parent Element: [Ne] 3s\(^2\) 3p\(^4\) - Ion (S\(^{2-}\)): [Ne] 3s\(^2\) 3p\(^6\) or [Ar] - **Cl (Chlorine)** - Parent Element: [Ne] 3s\(^2\) 3p\(^5\) - Ion (Cl\(^{-}\)): [Ne] 3s\(^2\) 3p\(^6\) or [Ar] #### (b) Ranking by Ionic Radius Rank the ions in order of increasing radius: 1. Mg\(^{2+}\) 2. Na\(^+\) 3. Cl\(^{-}\) 4. S\(^{2-}\) In this sequence, Mg\(^{2+}\) has the smallest radius due to the loss of two electrons, while S\(^{2-}\) has the largest radius owing to the gain of two electrons, which increases electron-electron repulsion and hence the size.
Transcribed Image Text:### Ion Analysis and Electron Configurations Given the following ions: Na\(^{+}\), Mg\(^{2+}\), S\(^{2-}\), Cl\(^{-}\) #### (a) Condensed Electron Configurations Below are the condensed electron configurations for the parent elements and their ions: - **Na (Sodium)** - Parent Element: [Ne] 3s\(^1\) - Ion (Na\(^+\)): [Ne] - **Mg (Magnesium)** - Parent Element: [Ne] 3s\(^2\) - Ion (Mg\(^{2+}\)): [Ne] - **S (Sulfur)** - Parent Element: [Ne] 3s\(^2\) 3p\(^4\) - Ion (S\(^{2-}\)): [Ne] 3s\(^2\) 3p\(^6\) or [Ar] - **Cl (Chlorine)** - Parent Element: [Ne] 3s\(^2\) 3p\(^5\) - Ion (Cl\(^{-}\)): [Ne] 3s\(^2\) 3p\(^6\) or [Ar] #### (b) Ranking by Ionic Radius Rank the ions in order of increasing radius: 1. Mg\(^{2+}\) 2. Na\(^+\) 3. Cl\(^{-}\) 4. S\(^{2-}\) In this sequence, Mg\(^{2+}\) has the smallest radius due to the loss of two electrons, while S\(^{2-}\) has the largest radius owing to the gain of two electrons, which increases electron-electron repulsion and hence the size.
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