A traverse line AB is being measured by theodolite and subtense bar. At station A, the horizontal axis of the theodolite is 1.48m above the ground mark and the horizontal angle subtended by a 2-meter subtense bar set up at station B is 42’18”. The subtense bar is 1.22 m above the ground mark and the vertical angle measured to it on the theodplite is +13⁰56’. Determine the length of the line AB and the difference in elevation between the two ground station marks.

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Control Survey and Geodetic reductions

Control surveys or survey controls are used to establish reference points as a basis for various construction activities. Vertical and horizontal control points are to be established in a control survey to increase accuracy. After establishing the control points, all other types of surveys such as topographic, right-of-way, aerial mapping, construction layout, boundary surveys, and utility mapping can be worked upon so that control networks can be formed. The place from which the observations are made is called a survey station.