A tension specimen of circular cross-section tapers uniformly from 20 mm to 16 mm diameter over a gauge length of 200 mm. When an axial load of 40 JcN is applied, the extension measured on this gauge length is 0-4 mm. Find the modulus of elasticity of the material. Compare the strain energy in this specimen with that in a specimen of the same material of uniform diameter 18 mm carrying the same load. (U. Lond.)

Q: A sample material with circular cross-section tapers uniformly. Over a gauge length of 200mm, it…

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Strain energy

The term strain indicates the variation in an object's length, area, and volume when the object is subjected to an external force. The external force may be of normal, shear, moment, torque, etc. The strain in an object depends on the types of external force and cross-section of the object. Mathematically, the evaluation of strain can be obtained with the help of elastic constants.