A study of 420,071 cell phone users found that 136 of them developed cancer of the brain or nervous system. Prior to this study of cell phone use, the rate of such cancer was found to be 0.0321% for those not using cell phones. Complete parts (a) and (b). a. Use the sample data to construct a 90% confidence interval estimate of the percentage of cell phone users who develop cancer of the brain or nervous system. %

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**Description of Study and Statistical Analysis**

**Background:**
A study investigated 420,071 cell phone users to assess the incidence of cancer in the brain or nervous system. Out of these participants, 136 developed such types of cancer. Historically, the rate of these cancers for individuals not using cell phones was recorded at 0.0321%.

**Objective:**
Utilize the study data to:
a. Construct a 90% confidence interval estimate of the percentage of cell phone users who develop cancer of the brain or nervous system.
b. Evaluate whether the cancer rate among cell phone users significantly differs from the rate among non-users (0.0321%).

**Tasks:**

a. **Confidence Interval Construction:**
Calculate the 90% confidence interval for the proportion of cell phone users developing brain or nervous system cancer. This interval will be presented with percentage bounds rounded to three decimal places.

b. **Hypothesis Evaluation:**
Determine if the cancer rate among cell phone users differs from the historical rate of 0.0321% for non-users. Choose the appropriate conclusion based on whether 0.0321% falls within the calculated confidence interval:

- **Option A:** No, because 0.0321% is not included in the confidence interval.
- **Option B:** No, because 0.0321% is included in the confidence interval.
- **Option C:** Yes, because 0.0321% is included in the confidence interval.
- **Option D:** Yes, because 0.0321% is not included in the confidence interval.
Transcribed Image Text:**Description of Study and Statistical Analysis** **Background:** A study investigated 420,071 cell phone users to assess the incidence of cancer in the brain or nervous system. Out of these participants, 136 developed such types of cancer. Historically, the rate of these cancers for individuals not using cell phones was recorded at 0.0321%. **Objective:** Utilize the study data to: a. Construct a 90% confidence interval estimate of the percentage of cell phone users who develop cancer of the brain or nervous system. b. Evaluate whether the cancer rate among cell phone users significantly differs from the rate among non-users (0.0321%). **Tasks:** a. **Confidence Interval Construction:** Calculate the 90% confidence interval for the proportion of cell phone users developing brain or nervous system cancer. This interval will be presented with percentage bounds rounded to three decimal places. b. **Hypothesis Evaluation:** Determine if the cancer rate among cell phone users differs from the historical rate of 0.0321% for non-users. Choose the appropriate conclusion based on whether 0.0321% falls within the calculated confidence interval: - **Option A:** No, because 0.0321% is not included in the confidence interval. - **Option B:** No, because 0.0321% is included in the confidence interval. - **Option C:** Yes, because 0.0321% is included in the confidence interval. - **Option D:** Yes, because 0.0321% is not included in the confidence interval.
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