A student is given a sample of red cobalt sulfate hydrate. She weighed the sample in a dry covered crucible and obtained a mass of 25.050 g for the crucible, cover, and sample. Before adding the sample, the crucible and cover weighed 23.422 g. She then heated the crucible to drive off the water of hydration, keeping the crucible at red heat for about 10 minutes with the cover slightly ajar. She then let the crucible cool, and found it had a lower mass; the crucible, cover and contents then weighed 24.321 g. all calculations necessary to answer the following questions. In the process the sample was converted to blue anhydrous COSO4. Show 1. 28 1. What was the mass of the hydrate sample? 25.050- 23.122 g hydrate 2. What is the mass of the anhydrous COSO? 24.321 23,422 .8a9 8COSO4 0.729 28-0.5 3. How much water was driven off? g H2O What is the percentage of water in the hydrate? 4. G,729 1.44 28 mass of water in sample 나나. 788 % H2O % water = 100 mass of hydrate sample How many grams of water would there be in 100.0 g of hydrate? How many moles? 5. 16.00 .006 2,18(p 18.010 g H,O; moles H,O 8.014 2.01 58.93 32.00 I.0014) Water of Hyd ration of hydrate? How many moles? What per- 6. How many grams of COSO, are there in 100.0 g of the hydrate is COSO? Convert the mass of COSO, to moles. The molar mass of centage COSO, is 154.996 g. Imol y moles COSO4 IS4.990 g CoSO; 니나 7789 154.a909 44.118 % COSO, in hydrate moles of water are present per mole of COSO? How 7. many moles H,O/moles CoSO4 What is the formula of the hydrate? 8.
Electronic Effects
The effect of electrons that are located in the chemical bonds within the atoms of the molecule is termed an electronic effect. The electronic effect is also explained as the effect through which the reactivity of the compound in one portion is controlled by the electron repulsion or attraction producing in another portion of the molecule.
Drawing Resonance Forms
In organic chemistry, resonance may be a mental exercise that illustrates the delocalization of electrons inside molecules within the valence bond theory of octet bonding. It entails creating several Lewis structures that, when combined, reflect the molecule's entire electronic structure. One Lewis diagram cannot explain the bonding (lone pair, double bond, octet) elaborately. A hybrid describes a combination of possible resonance structures that represents the entire delocalization of electrons within the molecule.
Using Molecular Structure To Predict Equilibrium
Equilibrium does not always imply an equal presence of reactants and products. This signifies that the reaction reaches a point when reactant and product quantities remain constant as the rate of forward and backward reaction is the same. Molecular structures of various compounds can help in predicting equilibrium.
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