A strip of high-strength steel has a length of 30 cm and a cross section of 1 mm by 20 mm. The modulus of elasticity is 200 GPa and Poison’s ratio is 0.27. It is subjected to an axial load of 15000 N, and it is instrumented with two axial strain gauges with R= 120 Ω and a gauge factor of 2.10. The two fixed resistors are also 120 Ω, and the supply voltage is 2.5 V. The bridge is adjusted to zero voltage output before load is applied. Find the output of the bridge with load applied.

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Material Properties

Construction in civil engineering demands high strength, durability, and longevity. These targets can be achieved by better design and analysis, along with the correct choice of materials. Different materials have different properties and hence, they respond and performs differently under the various condition of external loadings. It is therefore a critical task of an engineer to select the right material based on the property that the material is supposed to function in real-time. When speaking about the property, there are different categories of material properties like chemical property, physical property, mechanical property, electrical property, magnetic property, thermal property, etc. These material properties form the basis of material selection in various applications.