A solution contains 8.28×10 M sodium phosphate and 1.50x10² M potassium hydroxide. Solid aluminum nitrate is added slowly to this mixture. A. What is the formula of the substance that precipitates first? formula B. What is the concentration of aluminum ion when this precipitation first begins? [A*] = M
Electronic Effects
The effect of electrons that are located in the chemical bonds within the atoms of the molecule is termed an electronic effect. The electronic effect is also explained as the effect through which the reactivity of the compound in one portion is controlled by the electron repulsion or attraction producing in another portion of the molecule.
Drawing Resonance Forms
In organic chemistry, resonance may be a mental exercise that illustrates the delocalization of electrons inside molecules within the valence bond theory of octet bonding. It entails creating several Lewis structures that, when combined, reflect the molecule's entire electronic structure. One Lewis diagram cannot explain the bonding (lone pair, double bond, octet) elaborately. A hybrid describes a combination of possible resonance structures that represents the entire delocalization of electrons within the molecule.
Using Molecular Structure To Predict Equilibrium
Equilibrium does not always imply an equal presence of reactants and products. This signifies that the reaction reaches a point when reactant and product quantities remain constant as the rate of forward and backward reaction is the same. Molecular structures of various compounds can help in predicting equilibrium.
both questions go together... thanks!
![**Problem Overview:**
A solution contains two different substances:
- **8.28×10^-3 M sodium phosphate**
- **1.50×10^-2 M potassium hydroxide**
To this mixture, **solid aluminum nitrate** is added slowly.
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**Questions:**
**A. What is the formula of the substance that precipitates first?**
*Formula =* [Blank space for answer]
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**B. What is the concentration of aluminum ion when this precipitation first begins?**
*[Al^3+] =* [Blank space for answer] M
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**Explanation:**
This problem involves determining the first substance to precipitate when aluminum nitrate is added to a solution containing sodium phosphate and potassium hydroxide. Precipitation reactions occur based on solubility products (Ksp), and the concentration of ions in the solution will dictate which compound forms a solid precipitate first.](/v2/_next/image?url=https%3A%2F%2Fcontent.bartleby.com%2Fqna-images%2Fquestion%2F756e5f41-24a8-4ad5-bbf6-ede0df93f901%2Fd4b5cc06-982f-4554-ae3e-9246593f3687%2Fpj85lk8_processed.png&w=3840&q=75)
![### Precipitation Reaction Analysis
A solution contains \(1.10 \times 10^{-2}\) M magnesium nitrate and \(9.56 \times 10^{-3}\) M calcium acetate. Solid potassium fluoride is added slowly to this mixture.
**A. Determining the First Precipitate**
What is the **formula** of the substance that precipitates first?
- **Formula**:
\[ \text{(Place for answer)} \]
**B. Fluoride Ion Concentration at Initial Precipitation**
What is the **concentration of fluoride ion** when this precipitation first begins?
- \([\text{F}^-]\) = \(\text{(Place for answer)} \) M
### Explanation
The substance that precipitates first depends on the solubility product constants (Ksp) of potential precipitates formed with fluoride ions and the ions present in the solution. The concentration of fluoride ions when precipitation begins is determined using the Ksp value of the least soluble compound.](/v2/_next/image?url=https%3A%2F%2Fcontent.bartleby.com%2Fqna-images%2Fquestion%2F756e5f41-24a8-4ad5-bbf6-ede0df93f901%2Fd4b5cc06-982f-4554-ae3e-9246593f3687%2Fbnr16yo_processed.png&w=3840&q=75)
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