A simply supported reinforced concrete beam carries a uniformly distributed load of 12 kN/m on a span of 4 m. The beam has a rectangular cross section 250 mm wide by 450 mm deep, with three 20 mm diameter steel bars placed 60 mm from the bottom of the beam, as shown below. The moduli of elasticity for the concrete and steel are 15 GPa and 200 GPa, respectively. Determine the average tensile stress in the steel and the maximum compressive stress in the concrete at the section of maximum bending moment. 450 mm 250 mm 60 mm

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Design criteria for structural loading

The different loads such as loads due to self-weight (dead load) and external loads such as live load, wind loads, seismic load, snow load, and other loads and load combinations that influence the design of a building are called structural loading. The nature of the applied load differs from changes in the location, design, and type of materials used. The design criteria require that structures must be designed and constructed to be able to withstand all load types that are expected to act upon the structure and render its usage for the designated purpose. The structural members such as beams, slabs, columns, and foundations help the structure to withstand the applied load. There are different institutes such as ASCE and ACI that provide building design codes to assure minimum safety requirements and quality of the structures.