Chemistry & Chemical Reactivity 10th Edition
ISBN: 9781337399074
Author: John C. Kotz, Paul M. Treichel, John Townsend, David Treichel
Publisher: John C. Kotz, Paul M. Treichel, John Townsend, David Treichel
1 Basic Concepts Of Chemistry 2 Atoms Molecules And Ions 3 Chemical Reactions 4 Stoichiometry: Quantitative Information About Chemical Reactions 5 Principles Of Chemical Reactivity: Energy And Chemical Reactions 6 The Structure Of Atoms 7 The Structure Of Atoms And Periodic Trends 8 Bonding And Molecular Structure 9 Bonding And Molecular Structure: Orbital Hybridization And Molecular Orbitals 10 Gases And Their Properties 11 Intermolecular Forces And Liquids 12 The Solid State 13 Solutions And Their Behavior 14 Chemical Kinetics: The Rates Of Chemical Reactions 15 Principles Of Chemical Reactivity: Equilibria 16 Principles Of Chemical Reactivity: The Chemistry Of Acids And Bases 17 Principles Of Chemical Reactivity: Other Aspects Of Aqueous Equilibria 18 Principles Of Chemical Reactivity: Entropy And Free Energy 19 Principles Of Chemical Reactivity: Electron Transfer Reactions 20 Environmental Chemistry-earth's Environment, Energy, And Sustainability 21 The Chemistry Of The Main Group Elements 22 The Chemistry Of The Transistion Elements 23 Carbon: Not Just Another Element 24 Biochemistry 25 Nuclear Chemistry Chapter14: Chemical Kinetics: The Rates Of Chemical Reactions
14.1 Rates Of Chemical Reactions 14.2 Reaction Conditions And Rate 14.3 Effect Of Concentration On Reaction Rate 14.4 Concentration-time Relationships: Integrated Rate Laws 14.5 A Microscopic View Of Reaction Rates 14.6 Catalysts 14.7 Reaction Mechanisms Chapter Questions Section: Chapter Questions
Problem 1PS: Give the relative rates of disappearance of reactants and formation of products for each of the... Problem 2PS: Give the relative rates of disappearance of reactants and formation of products for each of the... Problem 3PS: In the reaction 2 O3(g) 3 O2(g), the rate of formation of O2 is 1.5 103 mol/L s. What is the rate... Problem 4PS: In the synthesis of ammonia, if [H2]/t = 4.5 104 mol/L min, what is [NH3]/t? N2(g) + 3 H2(g) 2... Problem 5PS: Experimental data are listed here for the reaction A 2 B. (a) Prepare a graph from these data;... Problem 6PS: Phenyl acetate, an ester, reacts with water according to the equation The data in the table were... Problem 7PS: Using the rate equation Rate = k[A]2[B], define the order of the reaction with respect to A and B.... Problem 8PS: A reaction has the experimental rate equation Rate = k[A]2. How will the rate change if the... Problem 9PS: The reaction between ozone and nitrogen dioxide at 231 K is first-order in both [NO2] and [O3]. 2... Problem 10PS: Nitrosyl bromide, NOBr, is formed from NO and Br2: 2 NO(g) + Br2(g) 2 NOBr(g) Experiments show that... Problem 11PS: The data in the table are for the reaction of NO and O2 at 660 K. NO(g) + O2(g) NO2(g) (a)... Problem 12PS: The reaction 2 NO(g) + 2 H2(g) N2(g) + 2 H2O(g) was studied at 904 C, and the data in the table... Problem 13PS: Data for the reaction NO(g) + O2(g) NO2(g) are given (for a particular temperature) in the table.... Problem 14PS: Data for the following reaction are given in the table below. CO(g) + NO2(g) CO2(g) + NO(g) (a)... Problem 15PS: The rate equation for the hydrolysis of sucrose to fructose and glucose Cl2H22O11(aq) + H2O () 2... Problem 16PS: The decomposition of N2O5 in CCl4 is a first-order reaction. If 2.56 mg of N2O5 is present initially... Problem 17PS: The decomposition of SO2Cl2 is a first-order reaction: SO2Cl2(g) SO2(g) + Cl2(g) The rate constant... Problem 18PS: The conversion of cyclopropane to propene (Example 14.5) occurs with a first-order rate constant of... Problem 19PS: Hydrogen peroxide, H2O2(aq), decomposes to H2O() and O2(g) in a reaction that is first-order in H2O2... Problem 20PS: The decomposition of nitrogen dioxide at a high temperature NO2(g) NO(g) + O2(g) is second-order... Problem 21PS: At 573 K, gaseous NO2(g) decomposes, forming NO(g) and O2(g). If a vessel containing NO2(g) has an... Problem 22PS: The dimerization of butadiene, C4H6, to form 1,5-cyclooctadiene is a second-order process that... Problem 23PS: The decomposition of ammonia on a metal surface to form N2 and H2 is a zero-order reaction (Figure... Problem 24PS: Hydrogen iodide decomposes when heated, forming H2(g) and I2(g). The rate law for this reaction is... Problem 25PS: The rate equation for the decomposition of N2O5 (giving NO2 and O2) is Rate = k[N2O5]. The value of... Problem 26PS: Gaseous azomethane, CH3N=NCH3, decomposes in a first-order reaction when heated: CH3N=NCH3(g) N2(g)... Problem 27PS: The decomposition of SO2Cl2 SO2Cl2(g) SO2(g) + Cl2(g) is first-order in SO2Cl2, and the reaction... Problem 28PS: The compound Xe(CF3)2 decomposes in a first-order reaction to elemental Xe with a half-life of 30.... Problem 29PS: The radioactive isotope 64Cu is used in the form of copper(II) acetate to study Wilsons disease. The... Problem 30PS: Radioactive gold-198 is used in the diagnosis of liver problems. The half-life of this isotope is... Problem 31PS Problem 32PS: Ammonia decomposes when heated according to the equation NH3(g) NH2(g) + H(g) The data in the table... Problem 33PS: Gaseous NO2 decomposes at 573 K. NO2(g) NO(g) + O2(g) The concentration of NO2 was measured as a... Problem 34PS: The decomposition of HOF occurs at 25 C. HOF(g) HF(g) + O2(g) Using the data in the table below,... Problem 35PS Problem 36PS Problem 37PS: Calculate the activation energy, Ea, for the reaction 2 N2O5(g) 4 NO2(g) + O2(g) from the observed... Problem 38PS: If the rate constant for a reaction triples when the temperature rises from 3.00 102 K to 3.10 102... Problem 39PS: When healed lo a high temperature, cyclobutane, C4H8 decomposes to ethylene: C4H8(g) 2 C2H4(g) The... Problem 40PS: When heated, cyclopropane is converted to propene (Example 14.5) Rate constants for this reaction at... Problem 41PS: The reaction of H2 molecules with F atoms H2(g) + F(g) HF(g) + H(g) has an activation energy of 8... Problem 42PS Problem 43PS: Compare the lock-and-key and induced-fit models for substrate binding to an enzyme. Problem 44PS Problem 45PS Problem 46PS: The enzyme carbonic anhydrase catalyzes the transformation of carbon dioxide into hydrogen carbonate... Problem 47PS: What is the rate law for each of the following elementary reactions? (a) NO(g) + NO3(g) 2 NO2(g)... Problem 48PS: What is the rate law for each of the following elementary reactions? (a) Cl(g) + ICl(g) I(g) +... Problem 49PS: Ozone, O3, in the Earths upper atmosphere decomposes according to the equation 2 O3(g) 3 O2(g) The... Problem 50PS: The reaction of NO2(g) and CO(g) is thought to occur in two steps to give NO and CO2: Step 1: Slow... Problem 51PS: A proposed mechanism for the reaction of NO2 and CO is Step 1: Slow, endothermic 2 NO2(g) NO(g) +... Problem 52PS: The mechanism for the reaction of CH3OH and HBr is believed to involve two steps. The overall... Problem 53GQ: A reaction has the following experimental rate equation: Rate = k[A]2[B]. If the concentration of A... Problem 54GQ: For a first-order reaction, what fraction of reactant remains after five half-lives have elapsed? Problem 55GQ Problem 56GQ: Data for the following reaction are given in the table. 2 NO(g) + Br2(g) 2 NOBr(g) What is the... Problem 57GQ: Formic acid decomposes at 550 C according to the equation HCO2H(g) CO2(g) + H2(g) The reaction... Problem 58GQ: Isomerization of CH3NC occurs slowly when CH3NC is heated. CH3NC(g) CH3CN(g) To study the rate of... Problem 59GQ: When heated, tetrafluoroethylene dimerizes to form octafluorocyclobutane. C2F4(g) C4F8(g) To... Problem 60GQ: Data in the table were collected at 540 K for the following reaction: CO(g) + NO2(g) CO2(g) + NO(g)... Problem 61GQ: Ammonium cyanate, NH4NCO, rearranges in water to give urea, (NH2)2CO. NH4NCO(aq) (NH2)2CO(aq) Using... Problem 62GQ Problem 63GQ: At temperatures below 500 K, the reaction between carbon monoxide and nitrogen dioxide CO(g) +... Problem 64GQ: Nitryl fluoride can be made by treating nitrogen dioxide with fluorine: 2 NO2(g) + F2(g) 2 NO2F(g)... Problem 65GQ: The decomposition of dinitrogen pentaoxide N2O5(g) 2 NO2(g) + O2(g) has the following rate... Problem 66GQ: The data in the table give the temperature dependence of the rate constant for the reaction N2O5(g) ... Problem 67GQ: The decomposition of gaseous dimethyl ether at ordinary pressures is first-order. Its half-life is... Problem 68GQ: The decomposition of phosphine, PH3, proceeds according to the equation PH3(g)14P4(g)+32H2(g) It is... Problem 69GQ: The thermal decomposition of diacetylene, C4H2, was studied at 950 C. Use the following data (K. C.... Problem 70GQ Problem 71GQ: The ozone in the Earths ozone layer decomposes according to the equation 2 O3(g) 3 O2(g) The... Problem 72GQ: Hundreds of different reactions occur in the stratosphere, among them reactions that destroy the... Problem 73GQ: Data for the reaction [Mn(CO)5(CH3CN)]+ + NC5H5 (Mn(CO)5(NC5H5)]+ + CH3CN are given in the table.... Problem 74GQ: The gas-phase reaction 2 N2O5(g) 4 NO2(g) + O2(g) has an activation energy of 103 kJ/mol, and the... Problem 75GQ Problem 76GQ: The decomposition of SO2Cl2 to SO2 and Cl2 is first-order in SO2Cl2. SO2Cl2(g) SO2(g) + Cl2(g) Rate... Problem 77GQ: The decomposition of nitrogen dioxide at a high temperature NO2(g) NO(g) + O2(g) is second-order... Problem 78GQ Problem 79GQ: Egg protein albumin is precipitated when an egg is cooked in boiling (100 C) water. Ea for this... Problem 80GQ: A The compound 1,3-butadiene (C4H6) forms 1,5-cyclooctadiene, C8H12 at higher temperatures. C4H6(g) ... Problem 81GQ: Hypofluorous acid, HOF, is very unstable, decomposing in a first-order reaction to give HF and O2,... Problem 82GQ: We know that the decomposition of SO2Cl2 is first-order in SO2Cl2, SO2Cl2 SO2(g) + Cl2(g) with a... Problem 83GQ: Nitramide, NO2NH2, decomposes slowly in aqueous solution according to the following reaction:... Problem 84GQ Problem 85IL: The color change accompanying the reaction of phenolphthalein with strong base is illustrated below.... Problem 87IL Problem 88IL Problem 89IL: The oxidation of iodide ion by the hypochlorite ion in the presence of hydroxide ions I(aq) +... Problem 90IL: The acid-catalyzed iodination of acetone CH3COCH3(aq) + I2(aq) CH3COCH2I(aq) + HI(aq) is a common... Problem 91SCQ Problem 93SCQ: The following statements relate to the reaction for the formation of HI: H2(g) + I2(g) 2 HI(g)Rate... Problem 94SCQ: Chlorine atoms contribute to the destruction of the Earths ozone layer by the following sequence of... Problem 95SCQ Problem 96SCQ Problem 97SCQ: The reaction cyclopropane propene occurs on a platinum metal surface at 200 C. (The platinum is a... Problem 98SCQ Problem 99SCQ: Examine the reaction coordinate diagram given here. (a) How many steps are in the mechanism for the... Problem 100SCQ: Draw a reaction coordinate diagram for an exothermic reaction that occurs in a single step. Identify... Problem 101SCQ: Consider the reaction of ozone and nitrogen monoxide to form nitrogen dioxide and oxygen. O3(g) +... Problem 96SCQ
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(a) Select all of the correct statements about reaction rates from the choices below.
The lower the rate of a reaction the longer it takes to reach completion.chemical reaction is necessary to relate the rate of reaction to the concentration of a reactant.
Definition Definition Study of the speed of chemical reactions and other factors that affect the rate of reaction. It also extends toward the mechanism involved in the reaction.
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