A saturated-liquid mixture of 70 mol% benzene and 30 mol%toluene, whose relative volatility is 2.5, is to be distilled at 1 atm to produce a distillate of 80 mol% benzene.Continuous distillation followed by partial condensation. Thefeed is sent to the direct-heated still pot, from which the residue is continuously withdrawn. The vapors enter the top of a helicallycoiled partial condenser that discharges into a trap. The liquidis returned (refluxed) to the still, while the residual vapor iscondensed as a product containing 80 mol% benzene. The molar ratio of reflux to product is 0.5.calculate andtabulate: (a) moles of distillate per 100 moles of feed, (b) moles of total vapor generated per mole of distillate, and (c) mol% benzene inthe residue. (d) For each part, construct a y–x diagram. On this, indicate the compositions of the overhead product, the reflux, and thecomposition of the residue. (e) If the objective is to maximize totalbenzene recovery, which, if any, of these procedures is preferred?
A saturated-liquid mixture of 70 mol% benzene and 30 mol%toluene, whose relative volatility is 2.5, is to be distilled at 1 atm to produce a distillate of 80 mol% benzene.Continuous distillation followed by partial condensation. Thefeed is sent to the direct-heated still pot, from which the residue is continuously withdrawn. The vapors enter the top of a helicallycoiled partial condenser that discharges into a trap. The liquid
is returned (refluxed) to the still, while the residual vapor iscondensed as a product containing 80 mol% benzene. The molar ratio of reflux to product is 0.5.calculate andtabulate: (a) moles of distillate per 100 moles of feed, (b) moles of total vapor generated per mole of distillate, and (c) mol% benzene inthe residue. (d) For each part, construct a y–x diagram. On this, indicate the compositions of the overhead product, the reflux, and thecomposition of the residue. (e) If the objective is to maximize total
benzene recovery, which, if any, of these procedures is preferred?
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