A researcher wonders if there an association between the incidence of colds and the amount of vitamin C taken.  He recruits 98 volunteers and randomly assigns 29 of them to take 500 mg of vitamin C, 17  of them to take 1000 mg of vitamin C and the rest to take no vitamin C.  At the end of the study, it was determined that 28 of the volunteers did not have any colds where 12 of them were in the 500 mg group and 8 of them were in the 1000 mg group.  Test the appropriate hypothesis at α=.01 Complete the table of expected counts under the null hypothesis.   At least one cold No colds No vitamin C   14.857 500 mg vitamin C 20.714   1000 mg vitamin C 12.143 4.857

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Estimation

A new framework of data analysis where the new statistical methods are used for interpreting the results and analyzing the data is known as estimation in statistics.