A researcher hypothesized that an increase in stress at work was caused by an increase in consumption of alcohol. Further research found that increased consumption of alcohol was caused by increased work stress. This is an example of a) a presumed cause-and-effect relationship b) a cause-and-effect relationship c) an accidental cause-and-effect relationship d) a reverse cause-and-effect relationship
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- Answer true or false to the following statement and provide a reason for your answer: If there is a very strong positive correlation between two variables, a causal relationship exists between the two variables.A study of the career plans of young women and men sent questionnaires to all 722 members of the senior class in the College of Business Administration at a given University. One question asked which major within the business program the student had chosen. Here are the data from the students who responded Major Accounting Administration Economics Finance Female 68 91 Male 56 40 6 59 61 Does the data suggest that there is a relationahip between the gender of students and their choice of major? At 0.05 level of significance, what is the conclusion to the test? Select the correct response: There is sufficient evidence to conclude that students find Economics very hard. There is insufficient evidence to conclude that the choice of major and the gender of the student are not independent of each other. There is insufficient evidence to conclude that more females prefer Administration than males. There is sufficient evidence to conclude that the choice of major and the gender of the student…Use the data set to answer the following questions
- Consider the following scenario and answer the questions below: The ornithologist decided to investigate the effect of temperature on the migration of North American birds. Develop a hypothesis in the appropriate format. Identify the independent variable. Identify the dependent variable. Plan an investigation (what would she do to collect data?). Did she engage in basic science or applied science? Explain. Did she engage in inductive or deductive reasoning? ExplainA researcher conducts a survey examining eating and sleeping behavior as well as academic performance for a group of elementary school children. The results of the survey indicate that the children who eat a more nutritious breakfast tend to have better grades than the children who have a breakfast low in nutrition. However, the research suspects that the children's parents may be responsible for this relationship. Specifically, the better-educated parents probably encourage their children to eat better food and work harder in school compared to parents with less education. If the researcher is correct, this is an example of the_ O A. criterion problem O B. directionality problem O C.third-variable problem D. reversal problem Reset Selection 7,821 MAR etv A A O w 4 F7 F8 F9 F10 F11 F12 F2 & 3 4 5 7 9. %3D E YThe researcher receives funding to also study disease Y and finds the following: disease Y death rate per 100,000 for ME is 72 and for NE is 45. Which of the following is the true statement? The researcher receives funding to also study disease Y and finds the following: disease Y death rate per 100,000 for ME is 72 and for NE is 45. Which of the following is the true statement? Meat - eating seems to be more causally related to Disease Y than Disease The etiologic fraction ( attributable fraction) of Disease Y is 1.6 The population etiologic fraction (population attributable fraction) of Disease Y is 67%. None of the above
- State University has increased its tuition for in-state and out-of-state students in each of the past 5 years to offset cuts in its budget allocation from the state legislature. The university administration always thought that the number of applications received was independent of tuition; however, drops in applications and enrollments the past 2 years have proved this theory to be wrong. University admissions officials have developed the following relationships between the number of applicants who accept admission and enter State and the cost of tuition per semester (in-state) (out-of-state) The university would like to develop a planning model that will indicate the in-state and out-of-state tuitions, as well as the number of students that could be expected to enroll in the freshman class. The university doesn’t have enough classroom space for more than 1,400 freshmen, and it needs at least 700 freshmen to meet all its class-size x2 = 35,000 - 6t2 x1 = 21,000 - 12t1 (xi) (ti):…For each of the following epidemiological scenarios, draw a DAG that represents the relationships between the variables: A researcher is studying the association between experiencing childhood abuse (A) and the occurrence of depression (D) as an adult. She has reason to believe that alcohol consumption (C) may mediate the relationship between (A) and (D).A hypothetical study looks at the effect of drinking alcohol on health. Across all genders and age groups, people who do not drink tend to be healthier on average than people who do drink. However, people who drink regularly are on average healthier than those people who have recently stopped drinking. Is it reasonable to conclude that for the sake of health, we should not start drinking, but if we have already started drinking alcohol, it is healthier to continue and not to stop?