A reinforced concrete beam has the following properties: beam with, b=320mm effective depth, d=640 mm concrete strength, f′c=25MPa reinforcing steel, fy=400 MPa reinforcing steel modulus, Es=200,000 MPa service dead load moment 350=kN−m If the beam is to be designed for balanced condition, find the required area of steel reinforcement, in sq. mm. 2. Find the maximum design moment in kN-m if the beam is to be designed as singly reinforced.

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Design criteria for structural loading

The different loads such as loads due to self-weight (dead load) and external loads such as live load, wind loads, seismic load, snow load, and other loads and load combinations that influence the design of a building are called structural loading. The nature of the applied load differs from changes in the location, design, and type of materials used. The design criteria require that structures must be designed and constructed to be able to withstand all load types that are expected to act upon the structure and render its usage for the designated purpose. The structural members such as beams, slabs, columns, and foundations help the structure to withstand the applied load. There are different institutes such as ASCE and ACI that provide building design codes to assure minimum safety requirements and quality of the structures.