A rail line is laid so that there is no stress in rails at 15°C. The rails are 50 m long. α = 11.7 × 10-6/°C and E = 2.3 × 105 N/mm2 Find the following: 1. The stress in rails at 55 º C if there is no allowance for expansion. 2. The stress in the rails at 55 º C if there is an expansion allowance of 8 mm per rail. 3. The expansion allowance if the stress in the rail is to be zero when the temperature is 55 º C.

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Axial Load

When a bar of the uniform cross-section is acted by a load, such that the load acts along the longitudinal axis of the bar, such kinds of loadings are known as axial loadings. In general terms, a load is an external force acting on a component. An axial load acts perpendicular to the geometric cross-section of the component. Based on the direction of the application of the load, an axial load can be tensile or compressive. The analysis of bodies under the action of axial loads is generally studied under the branch of mechanics, known as statics.