A popular theory is that presidential candidates have an advantage if they are taller than their main opponents. Listed are heights (in centimeters) of randomly selected presidents along with the heights of their main opponents. Complete parts (a) and (b) below. Height (cm) of President Height (cm) of Main Opponent 169 183 165 181 181 176 181 187 184 175 197 167 O a. Use the sample data with a 0.05 significance level to test the claim that for the population of heights for presidents and their main opponents, the differences have a mean greater than 0 cm.

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**P-value = [ ]** (Round to three decimal places as needed.)

**What is the conclusion based on the hypothesis test?**

Since the P-value is [dropdown: less than / greater than / equal to] the significance level, [dropdown: reject / do not reject] the null hypothesis. There [dropdown: is / is not] sufficient evidence to support the claim that presidents tend to be taller than their opponents.

**b. Construct the confidence interval that could be used for the hypothesis test described in part (a). What feature of the confidence interval leads to the same conclusion reached in part (a)?**

The confidence interval is [ ] cm < μd < [ ] cm.
(Round to one decimal place as needed.)

**What feature of the confidence interval leads to the same conclusion reached in part (a)?**

Since the confidence interval contains [dropdown: includes zero / does not include zero] the null hypothesis. 

--- 

This section guides users through hypothesis testing and confidence intervals, focusing on the context of comparing heights. It includes interactive elements like dropdowns to help students engage with and understand statistical analysis.
Transcribed Image Text:**Transcription for Educational Website** --- **P-value = [ ]** (Round to three decimal places as needed.) **What is the conclusion based on the hypothesis test?** Since the P-value is [dropdown: less than / greater than / equal to] the significance level, [dropdown: reject / do not reject] the null hypothesis. There [dropdown: is / is not] sufficient evidence to support the claim that presidents tend to be taller than their opponents. **b. Construct the confidence interval that could be used for the hypothesis test described in part (a). What feature of the confidence interval leads to the same conclusion reached in part (a)?** The confidence interval is [ ] cm < μd < [ ] cm. (Round to one decimal place as needed.) **What feature of the confidence interval leads to the same conclusion reached in part (a)?** Since the confidence interval contains [dropdown: includes zero / does not include zero] the null hypothesis. --- This section guides users through hypothesis testing and confidence intervals, focusing on the context of comparing heights. It includes interactive elements like dropdowns to help students engage with and understand statistical analysis.
A popular theory is that presidential candidates have an advantage if they are taller than their main opponents. Listed are heights (in centimeters) of randomly selected presidents along with the heights of their main opponents. Complete parts (a) and (b) below.

| Height (cm) of President | 181 | 187 | 184 | 175 | 197 | 167 |
|--------------------------|-----|-----|-----|-----|-----|-----|
| Height (cm) of Main Opponent | 169 | 183 | 165 | 181 | 181 | 176 |

a. Use the sample data with a 0.05 significance level to test the claim that for the population of heights for presidents and their main opponents, the differences have a mean greater than 0 cm.

In this example, \( \mu_d \) is the mean value of the differences \( d \) for the population of all pairs of data, where each individual difference \( d \) is defined as the president's height minus their main opponent's height. What are the null and alternative hypotheses for the hypothesis test?

\[ H_0: \mu_d \leq 0 \, \text{cm} \]
\[ H_1: \mu_d > 0 \, \text{cm} \]

(Type integers or decimals. Do not round.)

Identify the test statistic.

\( t = \) (Round to two decimal places as needed.)

Identify the P-value.
Transcribed Image Text:A popular theory is that presidential candidates have an advantage if they are taller than their main opponents. Listed are heights (in centimeters) of randomly selected presidents along with the heights of their main opponents. Complete parts (a) and (b) below. | Height (cm) of President | 181 | 187 | 184 | 175 | 197 | 167 | |--------------------------|-----|-----|-----|-----|-----|-----| | Height (cm) of Main Opponent | 169 | 183 | 165 | 181 | 181 | 176 | a. Use the sample data with a 0.05 significance level to test the claim that for the population of heights for presidents and their main opponents, the differences have a mean greater than 0 cm. In this example, \( \mu_d \) is the mean value of the differences \( d \) for the population of all pairs of data, where each individual difference \( d \) is defined as the president's height minus their main opponent's height. What are the null and alternative hypotheses for the hypothesis test? \[ H_0: \mu_d \leq 0 \, \text{cm} \] \[ H_1: \mu_d > 0 \, \text{cm} \] (Type integers or decimals. Do not round.) Identify the test statistic. \( t = \) (Round to two decimal places as needed.) Identify the P-value.
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