A piston-cylinder arrangement with a restrained linear spring contains 1.8 kg of carbon dioxide at 500 kPa and 400 °C. It is cooled to 50°C, at which point the pressure is 300 kPa. Using (C, = 0.846 kJ/kg.K, C, = 0.657 kJ/kg.K, and R = 0.1889 kJ/kg.K) V

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Q: Apply the second law to develop the absolute thermodynamic temperature scale.

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Entropy

In physics, entropy means the amount of disorder or the degree of randomness associated with a thermodynamic system. The system is not self-organized when the entropy of the system is high. For instance, when a system is at an elevated temperature, its molecules are in random motion, vibrating and colliding with each other. During this scenario, the probability of finding a molecule at a particular place twice, is low. Under this circumstance, the system can be said to be in a high entropy.