A pile group consists of four friction piles in cohesive soil. The unit weight and unconfined compressive strength of the soil are respectively 20.2 kN/m³ and 200 kPa. The diameter of each pile is 300 mm, length is 12.0 m and centre-to-centre spacing between the piles is 750 mm. Assuming an adhesion factor of 0.6, determine (i) load capacity of the group based on the individual pile failure, (ii) load capacity of the group based on the block failure and (iii) design load capacity of the group. Assume a factor of safety of 2.0 for individual pile failure and 3 for block failure.

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Pricing Excavation and Backfill

Backfill, in construction, is the activity of returning the soil and gravel that are removed during building construction or using them again to toughen and support the foundation of the building or any other structural component.