A physical variable that is identifiable by either a single value or magnitude is known as a O number. matrix. scalar. vector.

(Data processing) Your professor has asked you to write a C++ program that determines grades at the end of the semester. For each student, identified by an integer number between 1 and 60, four exam grades must be kept, and two final grade averages must be computed. The first grade average is simply the average of all four grades. The second grade average is computed by weighting the four grades as follows: The first grade gets a weight of 0.2, the second grade gets a weight of 0.3, the third grade gets a weight of 0.3, and the fourth grade gets a weight of 0.2. That is, the final grade is computed as follows: 0.2grade1+0.3grade2+0.3grade3+0.2grade4 Using this information, construct a 60-by-7 two-dimensional array, in which the first column is used for the student number, the next four columns for the grades, and the last two columns for the computed final grades. The program’s output should be a display of the data in the completed array. For testing purposes, the professor has provided the following data:

(Heat transfer) The formula developed in Exercise 5 can be used to determine the cooling time, t, caused only by radiation, of each planet in the solar system. For convenience, this formula is repeated here (see Exercise 5 for a definition of each symbol): t=Nk2eAT3fin A=surfaceareaofasphere=4r2 N=numberofatoms=volumeofthespherevolumeofanatom Volume of a sphere sphere=43radius3 The volume of a single atom is approximately 11029m3 . Using this information and the current temperatures and radii listed in the following chart, determine the time it took each planet to cool to its current temperature, caused only by radiation.

(Data processing) The answers to a true-false test are as follows: T T F F T. Given a twodimensional answer array, in which each row corresponds to the answers provided on one test, write a function that accepts the two-dimensional array and number of tests as parameters and returns a one-dimensional array containing the grades for each test. (Each question is worth 5 points, so the maximum possible grade is 25.) Test your function with the following data:

(Practice) Use the max_element and min_element algorithms to determine the maximum and minimum values in the vector created for Exercise 8. (Hint: Use the expression max_ element(vectorName.begin(), vectorName.end()) to determine the maximum value stored in the vector. Then use the same arguments for the min_element algorithm.)

(Transportation) Road construction requires estimating the expected loads on a road’s pavement over its design life. A common approach for determining this information is to use ESAL values; one ESAL is the load a single 18,000-lb (80,000 N) single-axle truck applies to the road’s surface. The ESAL value for any single-axle vehicle can be approximated by this formula: ESAL=[W18,000]4 ESAL is the equivalent single-axle load. W is the vehicle’s weight (lbs). Using this formula, write, compile, and run a C++ program that determines ESAL values and use it to complete the following chart. The ESAL values should be output in a field width of 10, with six digits after the decimal point.

When you borrow money to buy a house, a car, or for some other purpose, you repay the loan by making periodic payments over a certain period of time. Of course, the lending company will charge interest on the loan. Every periodic payment consists of the interest on the loan and the payment toward the principal amount. To be specific, suppose that you borrow $1,000 at an interest rate of 7.2% per year and the payments are monthly. Suppose that your monthly payment is $25. Now, the interest is 7.2% per year and the payments are monthly, so the interest rate per month is 7.2/12 = 0.6%. The first months interest on $1,000 is 1000 0.006 = 6. Because the payment is $25 and the interest for the first month is $6, the payment toward the principal amount is 25 6 = 19. This means after making the first payment, the loan amount is 1,000 19 = 981. For the second payment, the interest is calculated on $981. So the interest for the second month is 981 0.006 = 5.886, that is, approximately $5.89. This implies that the payment toward the principal is 25 5.89 = 19.11 and the remaining balance after the second payment is 981 19.11 = 961.89. This process is repeated until the loan is paid. Write a program that accepts as input the loan amount, the interest rate per year, and the monthly payment. (Enter the interest rate as a percentage. For example, if the interest rate is 7.2% per year, then enter 7.2.) The program then outputs the number of months it would take to repay the loan. (Note that if the monthly payment is less than the first months interest, then after each payment, the loan amount will increase. In this case, the program must warn the borrower that the monthly payment is too low, and with this monthly payment, the loan amount could not be repaid.)

(Practice) For the data types declared in Exercise 1, define a suitable structure variable name, and initialize each structure with the following data: a.IdentificationNumber:4672NumberofCreditsCompleted:68GradePointAverage:3.01b.Name:RhonaKarpBirthDate:8/4/60NumberofCreditsCompleted:96GradePointAverage:3.89c.PartNumber:54002ICFamily:ECLFunctionType:NANDSupplyVoltage:5UnitsinStock:123d.StockName:IBMStockPrice:173.16DatePurchased:8/30/2011e.PartNumber:16879PartDescription:BatteryNumberinStock:10ReorderNumber:3

(Mechanical eng.) The minimum radius required for a cylindrical rod, such as one supporting a bicycle pedal (see Figure 2.22), to provide enough support for the pressure exerted by the rider’s foot yet not exceed the stress placed on the crank arm’s sprocket attachment, is given by this formula: r3=dPS r is the radius of the cylindrical rod in inches. d is the length of the crank arm in inches. P is the weight placed on the pedal in lbs. S is the stress in lbs/in2. Using this information, design, write, compile, and run a C++ program that computes the value of r for a crank arm that’s 7 inches long, accommodates a maximum weight of 300 lbs, and is able to sustain a stress of 10,000 lbs/in2.

What is the opposite of greater than?