A person driving a car suddenly applies the brakes. The car takes 4 s to come to rest while traveling 20 m at constant acceleration. Can the speed of the car immediately before the brakes were applied be determined without first determining the car’s acceleration? a No, because the acceleration is needed to use standard equations such as ∆x = v0t + 1/2 at2. b Yes, by determining the average speed while braking and doubling it. c No, because the fundamental relationship that defines velocity contains acceleration. d Yes, by dividing the distance (20 m) by the time (4 s).
Displacement, Velocity and Acceleration
In classical mechanics, kinematics deals with the motion of a particle. It deals only with the position, velocity, acceleration, and displacement of a particle. It has no concern about the source of motion.
Linear Displacement
The term "displacement" refers to when something shifts away from its original "location," and "linear" refers to a straight line. As a result, “Linear Displacement” can be described as the movement of an object in a straight line along a single axis, for example, from side to side or up and down. Non-contact sensors such as LVDTs and other linear location sensors can calculate linear displacement. Non-contact sensors such as LVDTs and other linear location sensors can calculate linear displacement. Linear displacement is usually measured in millimeters or inches and may be positive or negative.
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a
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No, because the acceleration is needed to use standard equations such as ∆x = v0t + 1/2 at2.
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b
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Yes, by determining the average speed while braking and doubling it.
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c
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No, because the fundamental relationship that defines velocity contains acceleration.
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d
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Yes, by dividing the distance (20 m) by the time (4 s).
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