A pathogenic bacterium’s toxin causes symptoms thatincrease the bacterium’s chance of spreading from hostto host. Does this information indicate whether thepoison is an exotoxin or endotoxin? Explain.

Q: What component of the gram-negative cell has endotoxinproperties?

A: Endotoxins are part of the outer membrane of the cell wall of Gram-negative bacteria. Endotoxin is…

Q: How do strains of C. diphtheriae acquire the gene for toxin production?

A: Diphtheria toxin is an exotoxin which is secreted by the Corynebacterium, the pathogenic bacterium…

Q: There is an outbreak of enteric fever in a small Community. What is the causative bacteria; and how…

A: Another name of enteric fever is Typhoid fever. This type of fever has the following stages: The…

Q: Mosquitos are the most common vector for malaria. How do mosquitos acquire the initial plasmodium…

A: Malaria is caused by the Plasmodium group of parasites. It is characterized by a pattern of…

Q: Why must the antitoxin be administered in the earliest phases of botulism?

A: BOTULISMBotulism is a disease condition caused by the bacteria Clostridium botulinum. It is an…

Q: Two patients are admitted to the hospital with bacterial gastrointestinal disease. Patient #1…

A: Gastroenteritis  - It is the Inflammation of stomach and intestines ( Gastrointestinal tract)…

Q: List the four genera of bacteria that cause opportunistic infectionsand are physiologically similar…

A: Two genera in the group of proteobacteria are similar to Pseudoznonas in their physiology and…

Q: Could colonization of a wound by a non-invasive bacterium cause disease? Explain your answer.

A: Colonization is not harmful as microbes or germs are present in the body, but does not cause any…

Q: Whydid Bacterial toxin does not kill the bacteria but only the insects?

A: Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt), is a Gram-positive, soil-dwelling bacterium, which naturally produces a…

Q: After a man infected with a Gram-negative bacterium was treated with the correct antibiotic for this…

A: E. coli is a gram-negative bacterium which cell wall is composed of a thin, inner layer of…

Q: How long does it take for SSPE to appear after the initial infection

A: SSPE/ Dawson's disease: Subacute sclerosing panencephalitis is a chronic progressive neurological…

Q: Explain the effect of the virulence factor common to all gramnegativebacteria.

A: Virulence is defined as the ability of an organism to infect the host and cause a disease. Virulence…

Q: Identify the most common reservoir and vector forLyme disease in the United States. How can the…

A: The disease characterized by ticks and affects both animals and a human is defined as ‘Lyme…

Q: A boy with advanced Duchenne muscular dystrophy developedpulmonary edema (accumulation of fluid in…

A: The movement of limbs is caused by the relaxation and contraction of muscles. Muscular movement is…

Q: a. Why is it unlikely that diseases such as tetanus and botulism willever be completely…

A: Since we only answer 1 question in case of multiple question, we’ll answer the first question as the…

Q: Contrast an Entamoeba and a Naegleria infection in terms oftissues infected and symptoms.

A: A parasite is an organism that lives on or inside the host. They get food either directly from host…

Q: What would cause a local infection to spread into a pandemic so rapidly?

A: A pandemic is a global epidemic. An epidemic is when an infectious disease is widespread in a…

Q: Disease Mode of infection prevention Syphilis     Cholera     Hepatitis     Obesity     Guinea worm

A: Disease Mode of infection Prevention Syphilis sexual contact use condoms during sexual intercourse…

Q: 18) What is the second link in the chain of transmission? O infectious agent O portal of entry O…

A: The entry and multiplication of microorganisms that are not present inside the body are referred to…

Q: Why are fungal and protozoan diseases more important in the summer? (3 good reasons)

A: Pathogens are the disease causing agents. These include bacteria, virus, protozoa Or a fungus. They…

Q: In the course of disease, there is an incubation period, what happens during this period?

A: The disease is any feeling of discomfort or unpleasant feeling due to any underlying abnormal…

Q: Students in our classes sometimes ask how it is possible for a singleenteric carrier to infect 1,000…

A: An outbreak is a sudden increase in the occurrence of a disease. It can be community or…

Q: Colonies of Bacillus cereus on (A) agar plate

A: Bacillus cereus it is gram positive, rod shaped , facultative anaerobic, spore forming, motile and…

Q: All of the following are methods intracellular pathogens can use to survive inside a host eell…

A: Pathogens are the organisms which upon entering in to the  host causes infectious diseases.

Q: Given that so many infections are caused by gram-negative opportunists, what would you predict will…

A: AIDS, also known as (acquired immunodeficiency syndrome) is definitely one of the deadliest diseases…

Q: plx explain in deatiled the distrbution of pathogen

A: The objective of this question is to understand the distribution of pathogens, which are…

Q: Describe the reason for which the fimbriae are required for colonization.

A: The arrangement of cells and other elements within an organism is known as a cellular organisation.…

Q: Another term for respiratory route of infection is ___.     parenteral     droplet     enteric…

A: Infection is defined as the entry of pathogens inside the body.

Q: Correlate zoonotic bacterial infection and disease severity with bacterial virulence factors

A: Any infectious disease caused by a pathogen that has jumped from an animal to a human is known as…

Q: is bacterial infection same as bacteria toxin?

A: Microbes cause different diseases in different hosts. The microbes often evade the immune system and…

Q: other than contributing to the virulence of the organism, what other functions do capsule have?

A: The capsule has a primary function which is contributing to that of virulence factor by its anti…

Q: Capsules are virulence factors (responsible for pathogenicity). Name two bacteria that are…

A: Bacteria are small, single-celled organisms that occur in their millions, both within and outside of…

Q: Does Enterococcus faecium likely infect the diseased organ through the urinary tract or through the…

A: There are many different types of pathogenic bacterial types that cause infection to the human body.…

Q: 1)What's Trichomoniasis, name the causative agent. how it can be transmitted, causes and symptoms?

A: Since we only answer one question at a time, we’ll answer the first one. Please resubmit the…

Q: Name a food product that could transmit bothSalmonella and Campylobacter simultaneously. Howcould…

A: Pathogenicity represents a specialization in a certain microorganism to replicate and damage host…

Q: Draw the different stages of Plasmodium in the prepared slide of malaria positive blood smear and…

A: Plasmodium is a Protozoan parasite which has two hosts - humans and mosquito. It is a complex life…

Q: Which environment would a capnophilic bacterium like the best?

A: Microorganisms can be classified according to their requirements for growth. All the need and…

Q: Which of the following terms describes a disease that is caused by pathogens? * acquired infectious…

A: infectious diseases are caused by pathogens,which include bacteria,fungi,protozoa,worms,viruses and…

Q: Explain who the bacterial  virulence factors contributes in the initiation  of infections

A: Virulence is defined as the ability of bacteria to infect the host and cause disease. Virulence…

Q: Why are Bacillus infections commonly associated with exposureto soil and dust?

A: Bacillus are a genus of rod shaped bacteria. These bacteria form endospores and these endospores are…

Q: Are bacterial growth and infection in the host necessary forthe production of toxins? Explain and…

A: Any infection to take place in the host's body comes with the fact that the pathogen should be…

Q: Which causative organism colonization signifies purulent exudates of greenish-blue pus with a fruity…

A: Option Proteus: This option is incorrect because, Proteus species usually do not exude purulent…

Wound infections

A wound is damaged or breaks in the surface of the skin. The wound is divided into two types, they are acute wound that includes minor cuts, laceration, bites, etc, and chronic wounds that can become slow to heal including ulcers on the legs and feet. Redness, pain, and swelling are signs of a wound.