A nerve cell is shaped like a cylinder. The membrane wall of the cylinder has a +0.07-V potential difference from the inside to the outside of the wall. To help maintain this potential difference, sodium ions are pumped from inside the cell to the outside. For a typical cell, 10° ions are pumped each second.
A nerve cell is shaped like a cylinder. The membrane wall of the cylinder has a +0.07-V potential difference from the inside to the outside of the wall. To help maintain this potential difference, sodium ions are pumped from inside the cell to the outside. For a typical cell, 10° ions are pumped each second.
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1) Determine the change in chemical energy each second required to produce this increase in electric potential energy.
2) If there are roughly 7×10^11 of these cells in the body, how much chemical energy is used in pumping sodium ions each second?
3) Estimate the fraction of a person's metabolic rate used to pump these ions. Assume the metabolic rate to be 100 W.
Transcribed Image Text:A nerve cell is shaped like a cylinder. The
membrane wall of the cylinder has a +0.07-V
potential difference from the inside to the outside of
the wall. To help maintain this potential difference,
sodium ions are pumped from inside the cell to the
outside. For a typical cell, 10° ions are pumped
each second.
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