a) If the prevalence rate is 50%, the sensitivity is 85%, and the specificity is 90%, what will the PPV value be? b) What are possible slider values that will produce a PPV value of 1? c) What are possible slider valuse that will produce an NPV value of 1? d) If sensitivity and specificity remain constant while prevalence decreases, what effect does that have on the PPV? e) If prevalence and specificity remain constant while sensitivity increases, what effect does that have on the NPV?
Continuous Probability Distributions
Probability distributions are of two types, which are continuous probability distributions and discrete probability distributions. A continuous probability distribution contains an infinite number of values. For example, if time is infinite: you could count from 0 to a trillion seconds, billion seconds, so on indefinitely. A discrete probability distribution consists of only a countable set of possible values.
Normal Distribution
Suppose we had to design a bathroom weighing scale, how would we decide what should be the range of the weighing machine? Would we take the highest recorded human weight in history and use that as the upper limit for our weighing scale? This may not be a great idea as the sensitivity of the scale would get reduced if the range is too large. At the same time, if we keep the upper limit too low, it may not be usable for a large percentage of the population!
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