A hypersensitivity reaction occurs During the first exposure to an antigen. On a second or subsequent exposure to an antigen. In immunologically tolerant individuals.
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- Match the immunity concepts: __________ inflammation __________ antibody secretion __________ phagocyte __________ immunological memory __________ vaccination __________ allergy a. neutrophil b. plasma cell c. nonspecific response d. purposely causing memory cell production e. basis of secondary immune response f. nonprotective immune responseWhich of the following occurs during an active immunization? A preparation of a specific antigen is provided to a patient to induce immunity by forming effector and memory cells. Effector and memory cells do not form. A preparation of antibodies is provided to an individual who was already exposed to a lethal agent.Which of the following occurs during an active immunization? Effector and memory cells do not form. A preparation of antibodies is provided to an individual who was already exposed to a lethal agent. A preparation of a specific antigen is provided to a patient to induce immunity by forming effector and memory cells.
- Define antigen and describe its role in immunity (easy and simple)All of the following are true of the lymphatic system, EXCEPT: Lymphatic capillaries lie in close physical proximity to arterial and venous capillaries None of the other four answers (all are true of the lymphatic system) Lymph nodes are located at lymphatic vessel junctions It brings microbial antigens into contact with immunologically active cells (lymphocytes and macrophages) Its only important function is to carry interstitial fluid back to the circulatory systemWhen antibodies are created against a person’s own (“self”) antigens immunocompetence may result an immunodeficiency disorder may result an autoimmune disorder may result
- An important aspect of the immune system is the physical separation of the blood lymphatics, extracellular fuld and reticuloendothelial system, so that cells and chemicals of the immune system are isolated from one another True or FalseList the four classes of immune hypersensitivity and give an example of each.All of the following are true of antigen-presenting cells (APCs) EXCEPT: which option below is the answer? None of the other four answers (All are true statements about APCs) They can interact directly with lymphocytes They include macrophages and dendritic cells APCs by themselves cannot distinguish between different microbial antigens, remember them later, or respond specifically to them They are non-specific cells and they play no role in activating or triggering specific immune responses
- Maternal antibodies passed across the placenta both are IgM antibodies and are an example of natural passive immunity are IgM antibodies are an example of natural passive immunity are an example of natural active immunity both are IgM antibodies and are an example of natural active immunityExplain how tolerance to self-antigens may be produced. Also, give two examples of autoimmune diseases and explain their possible causes.A process that involves macrophages and eosinophils bound to the stem region of antibody molecules, producing substances that damage large parasites (e.g., worms), is called: Naturally acquired passive immunity Antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity T-cell-mediated cytotoxicity Complement-mediated lysis None of the other four answers are the correct name of this process