A horizontal pipe of diameter 500 mm is suddenly contracted to a diameter of 250 mm. The pressure intensity in large pipe is given as 13.734 N/cm2 and the flow velocity in the larger pipe is 1.366 m/s. Find:- (a) The rate of flow of water through a horizontal pipe. (b) Loss of head due to sudden contraction. (c) Pressure intensity in smaller pipe.

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Fluid Dynamics

The study of the flow of gases and liquids, usually in and around solid surfaces, is known as fluid dynamics in physics and engineering. Fluid dynamics, for example, can be used to evaluate the movement of air through an airplane wing or the surface of a vehicle. It can also be used in ship design to increase the speed at which ships pass through water.