A group of nine piles 300 mm in diameter is driven into a clay layer 16 m thick with rock below the clay layer. The pile is 9 m long and spaced 500 mm centres. The clay has the following properties: - an undrained shear strength of 100 kN/m2, adhesion coefficient α=0.5, Eu =40 MN/m2 and mv = 0.09 m2/MN. The pore water coefficient A= 0.38. The dead load carried by the pile group is 2300 kN and the live load is 500 kN. Verify if the ultimate and serviceability limit states for an allowable settlement of 30 mm are satisfied.

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Sediment transport

Sediment transport or Soil transport is the movement of solid particles, usually due to the combination of gravitational forces acting on the sediment, and the movement of the liquid at which the sediment enters. Soil erosion occurs in natural systems where the particles are sandstones (sand, rocks), mud, or clay; the liquid is air, water, or ice; and the gravitational force that works to move particles to the landing surface. Sediment transportation or soil migration due to the movement of liquids occurs in rivers, lakes, lakes, oceans, and other bodies of water as a result of currents and waves. Transportation is also caused by glaciers as they flow, and to places on earth under the influence of wind. Soil erosion due to gravity alone is possible in most sloping areas, including hills, scarves, cliffs, and the continental shelf — the continental boundary of the slope.