A flight of stairs has 10 steps numbered 1 to 10 as shown in the figure below. 10 i. How many ways could you climb up the set of stairs, assuming that you can skip any number of stairs with each step, but you must end on step 10 and you can only go up, never down and never remaining on the same step. ii. How many ways could you climb up the set of stairs, assuming you take exactly 4 steps. Again, your staircase climb ends on step 10. JAlthough there are different ways in which you could solve this problem, model the problem as a balls and bins problem for full credit.
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- Bowling involves 10 frames. Each frame starts with 10 pins. The bowler has two throws to knock all 10 pins down. The total score is the sum of pins knocked down, with some special rules. For the first 9 frames: If all 10 pins are knocked down on a frame's first throw (a "strike"), that frame's score is the previous frame plus 10 plus the next two throws. (No second throw is taken). If all 10 pins are knocked down after a frame's second throw (a "spare"), that frame's score is the previous frame plus 10 plus the next throw. In the 10th frame, if the bowler's first throw is a strike, or the first two throws yields a spare, the bowler gets a third throw. The 10th frame's score is the previous frame's score plus the pins knocked down in the 10th frame's two or three throws. Given integers represents all throws for a game, output on one line each frame's score followed by a space (and end with a newline). Note that the number of throws may be as few as 11 (strikes in first 9 frames,…Bowling involves 10 frames. Each frame starts with 10 pins. The bowler has two throws to knock all 10 pins down. The total score is the sum of pins knocked down, with some special rules. For the first 9 frames: If all 10 pins are knocked down on a frame's first throw (a "strike"), that frame's score is the previous frame plus 10 plus the next two throws. (No second throw is taken). If all 10 pins are knocked down after a frame's second throw (a "spare"), that frame's score is the previous frame plus 10 plus the next throw. In the 10th frame, if the bowler's first throw is a strike, or the first two throws yields a spare, the bowler gets a third throw. The 10th frame's score is the previous frame's score plus the pins knocked down in the 10th frame's two or three throws. Given integers represents all throws for a game, output on one line each frame's score followed by a space (and end with a newline). Note that the number of throws may be as few as 11 (strikes in first 9 frames,…A deck of cards contains 52 cards with four suits: club, diamond, heart and spade ranging in values from 2, ... to 10, Jack, Queen, King and Ace. Ace has the highest value in the same suit. Cards can be compared using their face values. A card with higher face value is bigger than a card with lower face value. If two cards have the same face value, then the suit determines the order. Club is smaller than diamond which is smaller than heart which is smaller than spade. For example: club 2 < diamond 2 < heart 2 < spade 2 if compared.Write an interactive Java program that allows you play cards with a computer. For this project, we are going to focus on one suit of the deck of cards. There are only 13 cards (value: 2, ... to 10, Jack, Queen, King and Ace) in a suit. To play:(a). You first pick a suit at random from the four suits (club, diamond, heart and spade), and display the suit. (b) Then you randomly draw a card from the suit, and let computer draw a card from the same…
- A hungry mouse wants to eat all four fruits in a maze such as the one below, in as few moves as possible.. At each turn the mouse can move any number of squares in one of the directions up, down, left or right, but it is not allowed to enter (or jump over) any walls (i.e., the black squares). Thus, the mouse moves just like a rook in chess. To eat a fruit, the mouse has to stop at that square. Assume that the maze has 4 fruits, and the size of b xh squares. 1. Give a suitable representatión of the states in this searching problem. 2. How many possible actions can the mouse perform at each move? (1.e., what is the branching factor?)QUESTION THREEConsider the thirsty person problem given below: To drink, a thirsty person must have three things; water, ice and a glass. There are three thirsty people, each having a different one (and only one) of the three required items. A fourth person, a server has unlimited supply of all three items. If nobody is drinking, the server places two of the three items (chosen at random) onto table. Thirsty person who can make a drink from those two items will pick them up and drink a glass of ice water. When done, thirsty person will notify the server and the process will repeat. Write a process that will control the thirsty person and the server using semaphores. (i) What is a critical section in code?Explain the three properties that any solution to the Critical Section Problem should guarantee.Explain the role the Operating System plays in Garbage-In-Garbage-Out (GIGO).A deck of cards contains 52 cards with four suits: club, diamond, heart and spade ranging in values from 2, ... to 10, Jack, Queen, King and Ace. Ace has the highest value in the same suit. Cards can be compared using the face value. A card with higher face value is bigger than a card with lower face value. If two cards have the same face value, then the suit determines the order. Club is smaller than diamond which is smaller than heart which is smaller than spade. For example: club 2 < diamond 2 < heart 2 < spade 2 if compared. Write an interactive Java program that allows a user to randomly pick a card from the deck of 52 cards (using a random number between 1 and 4 to represent the four suits: club, diamond, heart and spade and then another random number to represent the face value) to play. Show the suit and face value of the user card. Then the program acts as a card dealer which randomly draws another card and displays the card (again showing the suit and face value of…
- You will be given a square chess board with one queen and a number of obstacles placed on it. Determine how many squares the queen can attack. A queen is standing on an chessboard. The chess board's rows are numbered from to , going from bottom to top. Its columns are numbered from to , going from left to right. Each square is referenced by a tuple, , describing the row, , and column, , where the square is located. The queen is standing at position . In a single move, she can attack any square in any of the eight directions (left, right, up, down, and the four diagonals). In the diagram below, the green circles denote all the cells the queen can attack from : There are obstacles on the chessboard, each preventing the queen from attacking any square beyond it on that path. For example, an obstacle at location in the diagram above prevents the queen from attacking cells , , and : Given the queen's position and the locations of all the obstacles, find and print the number of…Conway's Game of Life: This is a zero person game with the following rules: (see Wikipedia for example) Any live cell with fewer than two live neighbours dies, as if by underpopulation. Any live cell with two or three live neighbours lives on to the next generation. Any live cell with more than three live neighbours dies, as if by overpopulation. Any dead cell with exactly three live neighbours becomes a live cell, as if by reproduction. Remember the oscillator or blinker of 3 cells. You can also find this blinker on Wikipedia. 1 21 1 2 1 21 3. 4 6 4. 6. 4 8. 9 8 9 #1 #2. #3 5. Consider now these 3 creatures at stage 1: Show how they look like in the next two stages: stage 2 and stage 3. Explain how you get the answers Creature 1 Creature 2 Creature 3 (here creature 1 is the blinker of 3 cells, horizontally; creature 2 consists of two adjacent cells, creature 3 consists of 4 adjacent cells horiztonally) ww (d) Creature 1 (10%), (e) Creature 2 (8%), (f) Creature 3 (20%)One hundred tickets, numbered 1, 2, 3, . . . , 100, are sold to 100 different people for a drawing.Four different prizes are awarded, including a grand prize. How many ways are there to awardthe prizes if:a) the person holding ticket 35 wins the grand prize?b) the person holding ticket 64 wins one of the prizes?c) the person holding ticket 18 does not win a prize?d) the people holding tickets 30 and 50 both win prizes?
- Penalty kicks in soccer. Let's consider a situation where a football player has to faceoff the goalkeeper in a penalty kickoff. Standing infront of the goalpost, the Kicker (player 1) has several angle which he could kick the ball to the goalpost. Let's say he could kick the ball in the Left corner of the goalpost, Right corner of the goalpost or shoot straight through the Center. And, same as the player, the goalkeeper (player 2) also has three options to predict which direction the player would kick the ball and try to stop it. This game can be represented using the following 3 x 3 matrix: Left Center Right 63 37 94 95 Left 100' 100 100' 100 100' 100 100. 6 100' 100 91 9 94 Center 100' 100 100' 100 94 6 93 7 60 40 Right 100' 100 100' 100 100' 100 In the above matrix, the payoff of the kicker is the probability that he scores and the payoff of the goalkeeper is the probability that the kicker doesn't score. We know that the total probability of an event is 1, therefore, all the…There are four people who want to cross a rickety bridge; they all begin on the same side. You have 17 minutes to get them all across to the other side. It is night, and they have one flashlight. A maximum of two people can cross the bridge at one time. Any party that crosses, either one or two people, must have the flashlight with them. The flashlight must be walked back and forth; it cannot be thrown, for example. Person 1 takes 1 minute to cross the bridge, person 2 takes 2 minutes, person 3 takes 5 minutes, and person 4 takes 10 minutes. A pair must walk together at the rate of the slower person's pace. Write the specification of an algorithm that solves the problem.Python Knapsack Problem: imagine you are carrying a knapsack with capacity to hold a total of weight C. You are selecting among n items with values A={a_1, a_2, ... , a_n} and associated weights W={w_1, w_2, ... , w_n}. Here the weights and values are all positive. You wish to maximize the total value of the items you select not exceeding the given weight capacity, example, maximize sum_{a in A} such that sum_{w in W} <= C. Note that you can only select your items once. Reformulate this as a bottom-up dynamic programming problem as follows. Define K_{i,j} as the highest possible value sum considering items 1 through i and total weight capacity j (j <= C). What is the base case i.e. K_{0,j} for all j and K_{i,0} for all i. What is the loop statement?