(a) Explain the "fundamental problem of causal inference." Using all of the potential outcomes in the table what is the average treatment effect?

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(a) Explain the "fundamental problem of causal inference." Using all of the potential
outcomes in the table, what is the average treatment effect?
Transcribed Image Text:Person 1 Person 2 Person 3 Person 4 Person 5 Person 6 i Y; (0) 3000 2500 3000 1500 4000 5000 Y; (1) 4000 3000 2500 4000 5500 6000 D₁ 1 0 1 0 1 0 (a) Explain the "fundamental problem of causal inference." Using all of the potential outcomes in the table, what is the average treatment effect?
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