A dominant mutation in Drosophila called Deltacauses changes in wing morphology in Delta/+ heterozygotes. Homozygosity for this mutation (Delta /Delta) is lethal prior to the adult stage. In a population of 150 flies, it was determined that 60 hadnormal wings and 90 had abnormal wings.a. What are the allele frequencies in this population?b. Using the allele frequencies calculated in part (a),how many total zygotes must be produced by thispopulation in order for you to count 160 viableadults in the next generation?c. Given that there is random mating, no migration,and no mutation, and ignoring the effects ofgenetic drift, what are the expected numbers ofthe different genotypes in the next generation if160 viable offspring of the population in part(a) are counted?d. Is this next generation at Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium? Why or why not?740 Chapter 21 Variation and Selection in Populations
Evolutionary Genetics
Evolution is known as continuous changes that occur to adjust organisms in their changing environment over many generations. Various theories have been proposed to illustrate the origin of life and organic evolution. The most accepted one is the theory of natural selection by Charles Darwin. According to his postulate, organisms undergo a struggle for existence due to overproduction. To survive in nature, they acquire variations. The inheritable variations are selected by nature, and it leads to the survival of the fittest.
Phenotype Frequency
The majority of populations have a certain degree of variation in their genetic pools. Scientists can predict the genetic variation happening over time by measuring the amount of genetic variation in a population and these predictions assist them in gaining important insights into the processes that allow organisms to adapt to the environment or to develop into new species over generations. This process is referred to as the process of evolution.
Hardy Weinberg Equilibrium
The frequencies of allele and genotype were maintained constant from one generation to another due to the absence of other evolutionary forces. It is otherwise called the Hardy Weinberg principle the field of population genetics.
A dominant mutation in Drosophila called Delta
causes changes in wing morphology in Delta/+ heterozygotes. Homozygosity for this mutation (Delta /
Delta) is lethal prior to the adult stage. In a population of 150 flies, it was determined that 60 had
normal wings and 90 had abnormal wings.
a. What are the allele frequencies in this population?
b. Using the allele frequencies calculated in part (a),
how many total zygotes must be produced by this
population in order for you to count 160 viable
adults in the next generation?
c. Given that there is random mating, no migration,
and no mutation, and ignoring the effects of
genetic drift, what are the expected numbers of
the different genotypes in the next generation if
160 viable offspring of the population in part
(a) are counted?
d. Is this next generation at Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium? Why or why not?
740 Chapter 21 Variation and Selection in Populations
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