(a) Crude oil is composed mainly of alkanes, which are saturated hydrocarbons. State what is meant by the term hydrocarbon. (ii) State what is meant by the term saturated, as applied to a hydrocarbon (b) Crude oil can be separated into the fractions listed in the table below. Name of fraction Number of carbon atorns 1-4 4- 12 Naphtha 7- 14 11– 15 15-19 20 -30 Fuel oil 30-40 Name the process used to obtain these fractions from crude oil. (ii) Complete the table by naming the missing fraction.

(a) Crude oil is composed mainly of alkanes, which are saturated hydrocarbons. State what is meant by the term hydrocarbon. (ii) State what is meant by the term saturated, as applied to a hydrocarbon (b) Crude oil can be separated into the fractions listed in the table below. Name of fraction Number of carbon atorns 1-4 4- 12 Naphtha 7- 14 11– 15 15-19 20 -30 Fuel oil 30-40 Name the process used to obtain these fractions from crude oil. (ii) Complete the table by naming the missing fraction.

Organic And Biological Chemistry

7th Edition

ISBN:9781305081079

Author:STOKER, H. Stephen (howard Stephen)

Publisher:STOKER, H. Stephen (howard Stephen)

Chapter1: Saturated Hydrocarbons

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 1.120EP

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Concept explainers

Alkanes and Cycloalkanes

Alkanes are saturated organic compounds which are made up of C and H atoms. Alkanes have the general formula of CnH2n+2. Alkane contains sp3 hybridized carbon atoms with four sigmas (σ) bonds & every hydrogen atom is connected with one of the carbon atoms. The size of the alkane could be determined by the number of carbon atoms located in it.

Question

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(a) Crude oil is composed mainly of alkanes, which are saturated hydrocarbons.
State what is meant by the term hydrocarbon.
(ii)
State what is meant by the term saturated, as applied to a hydrocarbon
(b) Crude oil can be separated into the fractions listed in the table below.
Name of fraction
Number of carbon atoms
1-4
4 12
Naphtha
7- 14
11- 15
15 - 19
20 - 30
Fuel oil
30 - 40
Name the process used to obtain these fractions from crude oil.
(ii) Complete the table by naming the missing fraction.

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