A compact disc (CD) records audio signals digitally by using PCM. Assume that the audio signal bandwidth equals 15 kHz. (a) If the Nyquist samples are uniformly quantized into L = 65, 536 levels and then binary-coded, determine the number of binary digits required to encode a sample. (b) if the audio signal has a peak voltage of ±1V and an average signal power of 0.1 V², find the resulting ratio of signal to quantization noise (SQNR) for the system. (e) Determine the number of binary digits per second (bit/s) required to encode the audio signal. (d) For practical reasons discussed in the text, signals are sampled at a rate well above the Nyquist rate. Practical CDs use 44,100 samples per second. If L = 65,536, determine the number of bits per second required to encode the signal and the minimum bandwidth required to transmit the encoded signal.
A compact disc (CD) records audio signals digitally by using PCM. Assume that the audio signal bandwidth equals 15 kHz. (a) If the Nyquist samples are uniformly quantized into L = 65, 536 levels and then binary-coded, determine the number of binary digits required to encode a sample. (b) if the audio signal has a peak voltage of ±1V and an average signal power of 0.1 V², find the resulting ratio of signal to quantization noise (SQNR) for the system. (e) Determine the number of binary digits per second (bit/s) required to encode the audio signal. (d) For practical reasons discussed in the text, signals are sampled at a rate well above the Nyquist rate. Practical CDs use 44,100 samples per second. If L = 65,536, determine the number of bits per second required to encode the signal and the minimum bandwidth required to transmit the encoded signal.
Introductory Circuit Analysis (13th Edition)
13th Edition
ISBN:9780133923605
Author:Robert L. Boylestad
Publisher:Robert L. Boylestad
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Quantization and Resolution
Quantization is a methodology of carrying out signal modulation by the process of mapping input values from an infinitely long set of continuous values to a smaller set of finite values. Quantization forms the basic algorithm for lossy compression algorithms and represents a given analog signal into digital signals. In other words, these algorithms form the base of an analog-to-digital converter. Devices that process the algorithm of quantization are known as a quantizer. These devices aid in rounding off (approximation) the errors of an input function called the quantized value.
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Transcribed Image Text:A compact disc (CD) records audio signals digitally by using PCM. Assume that the audio signal
bandwidth equals 15 kHz.
(a) If the Nyquist samples are uniformly quantized into L = 65,536 levels and then binary-coded,
determine the number of binary digits required to encode a sample.
(b) if the audio signal has a peak voltage of ±1V and an average signal
power of 0.1 V², find the resulting ratio of signal to quantization noise
(SQNR) for the system.
(c) Determine the number of binary digits per second (bit/s) required to encode the audio signal.
(d) For practical reasons discussed in the text, signals are sampled at a rate well above the Nyquist
rate. Practical CDs use 44,100 samples per second. If L = 65,536, determine the number
of bits per second required to encode the signal and the minimum bandwidth required to
transmit the encoded signal.
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