### List Transformation in Programming#### Problem StatementA code segment is intended to transform the list `utensils` so that the last element of the list is moved to the beginning of the list.For example, if `utensils` initially contains `["fork", "spoon", "tongs", "spatula", "whisk"]`, it should contain `["whisk", "fork", "spoon", "tongs", "spatula"]` after executing the code segment.Which of the following code segments transforms the list as intended?#### Code Options**Option A:**```plaintextlen ← LENGTH(utensils)temp ← utensils[len]REMOVE(utensils, len)APPEND(utensils, temp)```**Option B:**```plaintextlen ← LENGTH(utensils)REMOVE(utensils, len)temp ← utensils[len]APPEND(utensils, temp)```**Option C:**```plaintextlen ← LENGTH(utensils)temp ← utensils[len]REMOVE(utensils, len)INSERT(utensils, 1, temp)```**Option D:**```plaintextlen ← LENGTH(utensils)REMOVE(utensils, len)temp ← utensils[len]INSERT(utensils, 1, temp)```#### Explanation and AnalysisThe goal is to take the last element of the list and move it to the beginning. To correctly achieve this:1. Determine the length of the list.2. Temporarily store the last element of the list.3. Remove the last element from the list.4. Insert the stored element at the beginning of the list.Let's analyze the options:**Option A Analysis:**1. `len ← LENGTH(utensils)` - This correctly assigns `len` the length of the list.2. `temp ← utensils[len]` - This attempts to access an element that is out of the index range (should be `utensils[len-1]`).3. `REMOVE(utensils, len)` - Removes an element that is out of the index range.4. `APPEND(utensils, temp)` - Appends the potentially invalid element to the end of the list.**Option B Analysis:**1. `len ← LENGTH(utensils)` - Correct.2. `

A code segment is intended to transform the list utensils so thất thế last élement öf the list is moved For example, if utensils initially contains ["fork", "spoon", "tongs", "spatula", "whisk"], it should contain ["whisk", "fork", "spoon", "tongs", "spatula"] after executing the code segment. Which of the following code segments transforms the list as intended?

A code segment is intended to transform the list utensils so thất thế last élement öf the list is moved For example, if utensils initially contains ["fork", "spoon", "tongs", "spatula", "whisk"], it should contain ["whisk", "fork", "spoon", "tongs", "spatula"] after executing the code segment. Which of the following code segments transforms the list as intended?

Database System Concepts

7th Edition

ISBN:9780078022159

Author:Abraham Silberschatz Professor, Henry F. Korth, S. Sudarshan

Publisher:Abraham Silberschatz Professor, Henry F. Korth, S. Sudarshan

Chapter1: Introduction

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 1PE

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Concept explainers

Types of Linked List

A sequence of data elements connected through links is called a linked list (LL). The elements of a linked list are nodes containing data and a reference to the next node in the list. In a linked list, the elements are stored in a non-contiguous manner and the linear order in maintained by means of a pointer associated with each node in the list which is used to point to the subsequent node in the list.

Linked List

When a set of items is organized sequentially, it is termed as list. Linked list is a list whose order is given by links from one item to the next. It contains a link to the structure containing the next item so we can say that it is a completely different way to represent a list. In linked list, each structure of the list is known as node and it consists of two fields (one for containing the item and other one is for containing the next item address).

Question

### List Transformation in Programming

#### Problem Statement

A code segment is intended to transform the list `utensils` so that the last element of the list is moved to the beginning of the list.

For example, if `utensils` initially contains `["fork", "spoon", "tongs", "spatula", "whisk"]`, it should contain `["whisk", "fork", "spoon", "tongs", "spatula"]` after executing the code segment.

Which of the following code segments transforms the list as intended?

#### Code Options

**Option A:**
```plaintext
len ← LENGTH(utensils)
temp ← utensils[len]
REMOVE(utensils, len)
APPEND(utensils, temp)
```

**Option B:**
```plaintext
len ← LENGTH(utensils)
REMOVE(utensils, len)
temp ← utensils[len]
APPEND(utensils, temp)
```

**Option C:**
```plaintext
len ← LENGTH(utensils)
temp ← utensils[len]
REMOVE(utensils, len)
INSERT(utensils, 1, temp)
```

**Option D:**
```plaintext
len ← LENGTH(utensils)
REMOVE(utensils, len)
temp ← utensils[len]
INSERT(utensils, 1, temp)
```

#### Explanation and Analysis

The goal is to take the last element of the list and move it to the beginning. To correctly achieve this:

1. Determine the length of the list.
2. Temporarily store the last element of the list.
3. Remove the last element from the list.
4. Insert the stored element at the beginning of the list.

Let's analyze the options:

**Option A Analysis:**

1. `len ← LENGTH(utensils)` - This correctly assigns `len` the length of the list.
2. `temp ← utensils[len]` - This attempts to access an element that is out of the index range (should be `utensils[len-1]`).
3. `REMOVE(utensils, len)` - Removes an element that is out of the index range.
4. `APPEND(utensils, temp)` - Appends the potentially invalid element to the end of the list.

**Option B Analysis:**

1. `len ← LENGTH(utensils)` - Correct.
2. `

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