A cation vacancy paired with an anion vacancy is called Schottky defect. The Frenkel defect is an ion vacancy and a corresponding ion interstitial impurity. Other types of defects can exist. One particular type involves multiple Fe Fe Fe Fe oxidation states. Transiton metal atoms, such as iron, can have more than one oxidation state or charge. For example iron can exist as Fe*, Fe", or Fe*. If the oxidation state of an ion in a crystal changes, that is another type of defect. The figure below shows a crystal of FeO after one of these defects is formed. One of the iron atoms has been oxidized to a charge of +3 instead of the normal +2. You will use charge Fe Fe balance to determine the defects that form when the oxidation state of one atom is changed. Keeping this in mind answer the following with respect to the figure below: 11. What is the charge on the crystal before the defect is formed. 12. What is the charge on the crystal after the defect is formed.

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A cation vacancy paired with an anion vacancy is called
Schottky defect. The Frenkel defect is an ion vacancy and a
corresponding ion interstitial impurity. Other types of
defects can exist. One particular type involves multiple
Fe
Fe
Fe
Fe
oxidation states. Transiton metal atoms, such as iron, can
have more than one oxidation state or charge. For example
iron can exist as Fe*, Fe*, or Fe*. If the oxidation state of an
ion in a crystal changes, that is another type of defect. The
figure below shows a crystal of FeO after one of these defects
is formed. One of the iron atoms has been oxidized to a
charge of +3 instead of the normal +2. You will use charge
Fe
Fe
balance to determine the defects that form when the
oxidation state of one atom is changed. Keeping this in mind
answer the following with respect to the figure below:
11. What is the charge on the crystal before the defect is formed.
12. What is the charge on the crystal after the defect is formed.
13. What is one thing you could do to the crystal to try to make the charge zero? What is the
charge after you do this
The charge may not be zero at this point; you should just do one thing that starts to get
you in the right direction.
14. What is the unit cell of ferrite?
15. Describe the unit cell of austenite
16. What change has occurred on going from the austenite form to the martensite form?
OF
Transcribed Image Text:A cation vacancy paired with an anion vacancy is called Schottky defect. The Frenkel defect is an ion vacancy and a corresponding ion interstitial impurity. Other types of defects can exist. One particular type involves multiple Fe Fe Fe Fe oxidation states. Transiton metal atoms, such as iron, can have more than one oxidation state or charge. For example iron can exist as Fe*, Fe*, or Fe*. If the oxidation state of an ion in a crystal changes, that is another type of defect. The figure below shows a crystal of FeO after one of these defects is formed. One of the iron atoms has been oxidized to a charge of +3 instead of the normal +2. You will use charge Fe Fe balance to determine the defects that form when the oxidation state of one atom is changed. Keeping this in mind answer the following with respect to the figure below: 11. What is the charge on the crystal before the defect is formed. 12. What is the charge on the crystal after the defect is formed. 13. What is one thing you could do to the crystal to try to make the charge zero? What is the charge after you do this The charge may not be zero at this point; you should just do one thing that starts to get you in the right direction. 14. What is the unit cell of ferrite? 15. Describe the unit cell of austenite 16. What change has occurred on going from the austenite form to the martensite form? OF
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