(a) An aliphatic aminoglycoside is relatively stable to base, but it is quickly hydrolyzed bydilute acid. Propose a mechanism for the acid-catalyzed hydrolysis.NHHCH2RR2NH2 + sugarRHHOH OHOH Oan aliphatic ribosideH3O+ +(b) Ribonucleosides are not so easily hydrolyzed, requiring relatively strong acid.Using your mechanism for part (a), show why cytidine and adenosine (for example)are not so readily hydrolyzed. Explain why this stability is important for livingorganisms.
Coding Strand of DNA
When pointing to DNA transcription, the coding strand is found to be the DNA strand whose base sequence is indistinguishable from the base sequence of the RNA transcript developed. It is this strand that comprises the codons, while the non-coding strand comprises the anti-codons.
Nucleotide
Both DNA and RNA are composed of organic molecules known as nucleotides. Hence, nucleotides are known as the basic building blocks of nucleic acids. These substances play a role in various processes such as cell signalling, enzyme reactions, metabolism, and so on.
Structure of Cytosine
Cytosine is among the five primary nitrogenous bases of which DNA and RNA and are being used in storage and transportation of genetic makeup within a cell. Adenine, guanine, thymine as well as uracil are the remaining four nucleobases.
(a) An aliphatic aminoglycoside is relatively stable to base, but it is quickly hydrolyzed by
dilute acid. Propose a mechanism for the acid-catalyzed hydrolysis.
N
H
H
CH2
R
R2NH2 + sugar
R
H
H
OH OH
OH O
an aliphatic riboside
H3O+ +
(b) Ribonucleosides are not so easily hydrolyzed, requiring relatively strong acid.
Using your mechanism for part (a), show why cytidine and adenosine (for example)
are not so readily hydrolyzed. Explain why this stability is important for living
organisms.
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