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A 5.3 kg block initially at rest is pulled to the right along a frictionless, horizontal surface by a constant horizontal force of magnitude 16 N. Find the block's speed after it has moved through a horizontal distance of 9.0 m. A block pulled to the right on a frictionless surface by a constant horizontal force. mg SOLUTION Conceptualize The figure illustrates this situation. Imagine pulling a toy car across a table with a horizontal rubber band attached to the front of the car. The force is maintained constant by ensuring that the stretched rubber band always has the same v v length. Categorize We could apply the equations of kinematics to determine the answer, but let us practice the energy approach. The block is the system, and three external forces act on the system. The normal force balances the gravitational v force on the block, and neither of these vertically acting forces does work on the block because their points of application are horizontally displaced. Analyze The net external force acting on the block is the horizontal 16 N force. Use the work-kinetic energy theorem for the block, noting that its initial kinetic energy is zero. (Use the following as necessary: m, v, and g.) Wext = AK = K, - K, =mv, Solve for v, and use W = FAr cos(e) for the work done on the block by F. (Use the following as necessary: m, Ax, F, and g.) 2FAx 2Wext V= V m Substitute numerical values to calculate the final speed (in m/s). V= 7.37 v m/s

A 5.3 kg block initially at rest is pulled to the right along a frictionless, horizontal surface by a constant horizontal force of magnitude 16 N. Find the block's speed after it has moved through a horizontal distance of 9.0 m. A block pulled to the right on a frictionless surface by a constant horizontal force. mg SOLUTION Conceptualize The figure illustrates this situation. Imagine pulling a toy car across a table with a horizontal rubber band attached to the front of the car. The force is maintained constant by ensuring that the stretched rubber band always has the same v v length. Categorize We could apply the equations of kinematics to determine the answer, but let us practice the energy approach. The block is the system, and three external forces act on the system. The normal force balances the gravitational v force on the block, and neither of these vertically acting forces does work on the block because their points of application are horizontally displaced. Analyze The net external force acting on the block is the horizontal 16 N force. Use the work-kinetic energy theorem for the block, noting that its initial kinetic energy is zero. (Use the following as necessary: m, v, and g.) Wext = AK = K, - K, =mv, Solve for v, and use W = FAr cos(e) for the work done on the block by F. (Use the following as necessary: m, Ax, F, and g.) 2FAx 2Wext V= V m Substitute numerical values to calculate the final speed (in m/s). V= 7.37 v m/s

College Physics
College Physics
11th Edition
ISBN:9781305952300
Author:Raymond A. Serway, Chris Vuille
Publisher:Raymond A. Serway, Chris Vuille
Chapter1: Units, Trigonometry. And Vectors
Section: Chapter Questions
Problem 1CQ: Estimate the order of magnitude of the length, in meters, of each of the following; (a) a mouse, (b)...
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For the above example, suppose that the magnitude of the force is doubled. Through what distance (in m) will the block travel before reaching the same final speed found above?

(Check image d2 for the above example)

A Block Pulled on a Frictionless Surface A 5.3 kg block initially at rest is pulled to the right along a frictionless, horizontal surface by a constant horizontal force of magnitude 16 N. Find the block's speed after it has moved through a horizontal distance of 9.0 m. A block pulled to the right on a frictionless surface by a constant horizontal force. Ax mg SOLUTION Conceptualize The figure illustrates this situation. Imagine pulling a toy car across a table with a horizontal rubber band attached to the front of the car. The force is maintained constant by ensuring that the stretched rubber band always has the same V length. Categorize We could apply the equations of kinematics to determine the answer, but let us practice the energy approach. The block is the system, and three external forces act on the system. The normal force balances the gravitational v force on the block, and neither of these vertically acting forces does work on the block because their points of application are horizontally displaced. Analyze The net external force acting on the block is the horizontal 16 N force. Use the work-kinetic energy theorem for the block, noting that its initial kinetic energy is zero. (Use the following as necessary: m, v, and g.) Wext = AK = K - K; = Solve for v and use W = FAr cos(e) for the work done on the block by F. (Use the following as necessary: m, Ax, F, and g.) 2FAX V 2W ext = Vf = m Substitute numerical values to calculate the final speed (in m/s). Vf =7.37 V m/s sa particle under a net force to find its acceleration and then as a particle under constant acceleration to find its final speed. In a following chapter, we will see that the energy procedure Finalize You should solve this problem again by modeling the block followed above is an example of the analysis model of the nonisolated system.
Transcribed Image Text:A Block Pulled on a Frictionless Surface A 5.3 kg block initially at rest is pulled to the right along a frictionless, horizontal surface by a constant horizontal force of magnitude 16 N. Find the block's speed after it has moved through a horizontal distance of 9.0 m. A block pulled to the right on a frictionless surface by a constant horizontal force. Ax mg SOLUTION Conceptualize The figure illustrates this situation. Imagine pulling a toy car across a table with a horizontal rubber band attached to the front of the car. The force is maintained constant by ensuring that the stretched rubber band always has the same V length. Categorize We could apply the equations of kinematics to determine the answer, but let us practice the energy approach. The block is the system, and three external forces act on the system. The normal force balances the gravitational v force on the block, and neither of these vertically acting forces does work on the block because their points of application are horizontally displaced. Analyze The net external force acting on the block is the horizontal 16 N force. Use the work-kinetic energy theorem for the block, noting that its initial kinetic energy is zero. (Use the following as necessary: m, v, and g.) Wext = AK = K - K; = Solve for v and use W = FAr cos(e) for the work done on the block by F. (Use the following as necessary: m, Ax, F, and g.) 2FAX V 2W ext = Vf = m Substitute numerical values to calculate the final speed (in m/s). Vf =7.37 V m/s sa particle under a net force to find its acceleration and then as a particle under constant acceleration to find its final speed. In a following chapter, we will see that the energy procedure Finalize You should solve this problem again by modeling the block followed above is an example of the analysis model of the nonisolated system.
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