A 37-year-old patient was hospitalized with the diagnosis "Infectious hepatitis". On examination: intensive icteric colour of the skin and mucous membranes is noted. In the blood is found an increase in indirect bilirubin, the fecal masses are discolored. Questions: 1. List the main types of infectious hepatitis. 2. Specify the type of jaundice of the patient according to pathogenetic classification. 3. List all well known causes of this type of jaundice.
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- A 37-year-old patient was hospitalized with the diagnosis "Infectious hepatitis". On examination: intensive icteric colour of the skin and mucous membranes is noted. In the blood is found an increase in indirect bilirubin, the fecal masses are discolored. Questions: 4. Describe the pathogenesis of patient's disorders in the pigment exchange. 5. What changes in hepatic transferase activity and bile acid concentration are characteristic for this pathology,Answer the following question: 1. What is Hepatitis B infection? Name the different antigens and antibodies found during a HepB infection. Briefly explain the disease and prognosis. 2. What is glycosylated hemoglobin? What is it used for? Why is this a better marker for the disease?A 63-year old presented to a local doctor with a history of alternating constipation and diarrhoea for six months, associated with a feeling of incomplete evacuation following defaecation and several episodes of bright blood coating her bowel motion. A diagnosis was made and a portion of the left colon and rectum was removed surgically. Discuss the aetiology and pathogenesis of the disease and what you consider the most likely cause of the presenting signs and symptoms. Also explain what complications might have ensued if the lesion had not been excised.
- A 37-year-old patient was hospitalized with the diagnosis "Infectious hepatitis". On examination: intensive icteric colour of the skin and mucous membranes is noted. In the blood is found an increase in indirect bilirubin, the fecal masses are discolored. Questions: 6. Define the concept of liver failure. 7. What clinical manifestations of hepatic insufficiency should be assumed in the patient?1. Please describe the clinical manifestations of strangulated intestinal obstruction fully. 2. Female, 40 years old, sudden right upper abdomen and heart fossa knife colic with paroxysmal exacerbation for 1 day, 12 hours after the onset, chills, high fever, yellow sclera, deep tenderness on the right side of the xiphoid process, mild muscle tension in the right upper abdomen, Body temperature 38℃, WBC15×109/L, TBIL 65umol/L, urobilinogen (-), urinary bilirubin (2+), she should be diagnosed as（ ） Acute pancreatitis Acute cholecystitis Common bile duct stones High appendicitis Duodenal perforationImagine for a minute your patient did have findings of an acute appendicitis; what physical findings might you find on a patient with an acute appendicitis? What is the pathophysiology of an acute appendicitis?
- What is the non - pharmacological and pharmacological medication for PERITONITIS. Please explain the answer.A 43-year-old patient complains of pain in the right hypochondrium, periodic body temperature rises of up to 38°C, periodic icteric skin color changes, heartburn, nausea. Ultrasound examination revealed an increase in the size of the liver and gall bladder. Multiple small stones were found in the lumen of the gall bladder and bile ducts, Questions: 7. What changes in the cardiovascular system are typical for this type of jaundice.Compare the three diseases Celiac Disease, Crohn’s Disease, and Ulcerative Colitis with respect to: Symptoms Pathology and Diagnosis Treatment
- A 32 year old female complained of chronic cough and hoarseness. Upon interview, it was learned that she also had burning sensation in her chest usually after eating which is usually worse at night. She usually has this sensation of lump in her throat. 1. What is the probable diagnosis?2. What part/structure of the esophagus is involved in this disorder?3. Explain the pathophysiology of this disease.4. What factors can aggravate this disorder?5. Give some medications effective against this disease.George Payton, a 52-year-old man previously diagnosed with IBS, reports that he is having 3-5 bowel movements per day. The movements are runny and loose and filled with red blood. George has not experienced any constipation. His family practitioner refers him to a gastroenterologist. 1. Describe IBS 2. Are the reported symptoms compatible with IBS? 3.Are the reported symptoms, which is most significant? Is any other disease suspect? 4. What tests is the gastroenterologist likely to order?Compare and contrast the following terms: Hepatitis and cirrhosis