A 12-cm diameter horizontal water jet with a speed of Vj = 25 m/s relative to the ground is deflected by a 40° cone moving to the left at Vc = 10 m/s. Determine the external force, F, needed to maintain the motion of the cone. Disregard the gravity and surface shear effects and assume the cross-sectional area of water jet normal to the direction of motion remains constant throughout the flow.
Fluid Pressure
The term fluid pressure is coined as, the measurement of the force per unit area of a given surface of a closed container. It is a branch of physics that helps to study the properties of fluid under various conditions of force.
Gauge Pressure
Pressure is the physical force acting per unit area on a body; the applied force is perpendicular to the surface of the object per unit area. The air around us at sea level exerts a pressure (atmospheric pressure) of about 14.7 psi but this doesn’t seem to bother anyone as the bodily fluids are constantly pushing outwards with the same force but if one swims down into the ocean a few feet below the surface one can notice the difference, there is increased pressure on the eardrum, this is due to an increase in hydrostatic pressure.
A 12-cm diameter horizontal water jet with a
speed of Vj = 25 m/s relative to the ground is deflected by
a 40° cone moving to the left at Vc = 10 m/s. Determine
the external force, F, needed to maintain the motion of the
cone. Disregard the gravity and surface shear effects and
assume the cross-sectional area of water jet normal to the
direction of motion remains constant throughout the flow.
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