Water flowing steadily at a rate of 0.17 m3/s is deflected downward by an angled elbow and exits to atmospheric pressure as shown in the given figure. For D= 30 cm, d= 10 cm, and h = 50 cm, determine the force acting on the flanges of the elbow and the angle its line of action makes with the horizontal. Take the internal volume of the elbow to be 0.03 m³ and disregard the weight of the elbow material and the frictional effects. Take the density of water to be 1000 kg/m3. Flange D Bolts 60° The force acting on the flanges of the elbow is kN. The angle (B) between the line of action of the force and the horizontal is
Fluid Pressure
The term fluid pressure is coined as, the measurement of the force per unit area of a given surface of a closed container. It is a branch of physics that helps to study the properties of fluid under various conditions of force.
Gauge Pressure
Pressure is the physical force acting per unit area on a body; the applied force is perpendicular to the surface of the object per unit area. The air around us at sea level exerts a pressure (atmospheric pressure) of about 14.7 psi but this doesn’t seem to bother anyone as the bodily fluids are constantly pushing outwards with the same force but if one swims down into the ocean a few feet below the surface one can notice the difference, there is increased pressure on the eardrum, this is due to an increase in hydrostatic pressure.
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