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- Consider the equation G = -nF. What are the four terms in this equation? Why does a minus sign appear in the equation? What does the superscript o indicate?When jump-starting a car with a dead battery, the ground jumper should be attached to a remote part of the engine block. Why?What is electrochemistry? What are redox reactions? Explain the difference between a galvanic and an electrolytic cell.
- In theory, most metals should easily corrode in air. Why? A group of metals called the noble metals are relatively difficult to corrode in air. Some noble metals include gold, platinum, and silver. Reference Table 17-1 to come up with a possible reason why the noble metals are relatively difficult to corrode.The Nernst equation allows determination of the cell potential for a galvanic cell at nonstandard conditions. Write out the Nernst equation. What are nonstandard conditions? What do , n, and Q stand for in the Nernst equation? What does the Nernst equation reduce to when a redox reaction is at equilibrium? What are the signs of G and when K 1? When K 1? When K = 1? Explain the following statement: determines spontaneity, while determines the equilibrium position. Under what conditions can you use to predict spontaneity?Why is it not possible for hydrogen ion (H+) to appear in either of the half-reactions or the overall equation when balancing oxidationreduction reactions in basic solution?
- The iron content of hemoglobin is determined by destroying the hemoglobin molecule and producing small water-soluble ions and molecules. The iron in the aqueous solution is reduced to iron(II) ion and then titrated against potassium permanganate. In the titration, iron(ll) is oxidized to iron(III) and permanganate is reduced to manganese(II) ion. A 5.00-g sample of hemoglobin requires 32.3 mL of a 0.002100 M solution of potassium permanganate. The reaction with permanganate ion is MnO4(aq)+8H+(aq)+5Fe2+(aq)Mn2+(aq)+5Fe3+(aq)+4H2O What is the mass percent of iron in hemoglobin?Complete and balance each acid-base reaction. a. H3PO4(aq) + NaOH(aq) Contains three acidic hydrogens b. H2SO4(aq) + Al(OH)3(s) Contains two acidic hydrogens c. H2Se(aq) + Ba(OH)2(aq) Contains two acidic hydrogens d. H2C2O4 (aq) + NaOH(aq) Contains two acidic hydrogensOne of the few industrial-scale processes that produce organic compounds electrochemically is used by the Monsanto Company to produce1,4-dicyanobutane. The reduction reaction is 2CH2CHCH+2H++2eNC(CH2)4CN The NC(CH2)4CN is then chemically reduced using hydrogen gas to H2N(CH2)6NH2, which is used in the production of nylon. What current must be used to produce 150.kg NC(CH2)4CN per hour?
- Indicate if the process is oxidation, reduction, both, or neither Na → e-1 + Na*1 S + 2 e-1→ S2 Н-Н 2 Но (molecular hydrogen into hydrogen atoms) 2 Na + S Na2S Hg Hg*2 + 2 e-1 O + 2 e-1 0-2 Hg + O Hgo a. oxidation b, reduction C. oxidation/reduction d. neitherWhat is the oxidation number of the underlinedelement?K2SO3A. –2B. +4C. +6D. –4E. –615. Indicate which pairs compounds, with the carbons shown, have the same oxidation level?