7. The pressure within the cylinder of a hydraulic press is 8.4 N/mm². The inside diameter of the cylinder is 25.4 mm. Determine the thickness of the cylinder wall, if the allowable tensile stress is 17.5 MPa. [Ans. 8.7 mm] 8. A thick cylindrical shell of internal diameter 150 mm has to withstand an internal fluid pressure of 50 N/mm². Determine its thickness so that the maximum stress in the section does not exceed 150 MPa. [Ans. 31 mm] 9. A steel tank for shipping gas is to have an inside diameter of 30 mm and a length of 1.2 metres. The gas pressure is 15 N/mm². The permissible stress is to be 57.5 MPa. [Ans. 4.5 mm] 10. The ram of a hydraulic press 200 mm internal diameter is subjected to an internal pressure of 10 N/mm². If the maximum stress in the material of the wall is not to exceed 28 MPa, find the external diameter. [Ans. 265 mm] 11. The maximum force exerted by a small hydraulic press is 500 kN. The working pressure of the fluid is 20 N/mm². Determine the diameter of the plunger, operating the table. Also suggest the suitable thickness for the cast steel cylinder in which the plunger operates, if the permissible stress for cast steel is 100 MPa. [Ans. 180 mm; 20 mm] 12. Find the thickness of the flat end cover plates for a 1 N/mm² boiler that has a diameter of 600 mm. The limiting tensile stress in the boiler shell is 40 MPa. [Ans. 38 mm]

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Pressure Vessels

The term pressure vessel refers to a closed container that contains gas or liquid at a different pressure than environment pressure. The pressure vessels have a wide scale of applications in our day-to-day lives and other industrial places. Some common examples of pressure vessels are gas cylinders, autoclaves, compressor vessels, etc.