7. Table 3 shows the first 8 ionisation energies of elements X and Y. Table 3 Order of electron 1st 2nd 3rd 4th 5th 6th 7th 8th removed Ionisation energy for X/kJ mol Ionisation energy for Y/kJ mol- 1000 2252 3363 4556 7004 8496 27108 31724 1314 3388 5301 7469 10990 13327 71330 84078 The proton number of elements X and Y is less than 20. Which of the following statements is true? A. X forms an ionic chloride. B. The atomic radius of X is smaller than Y. C. X combines with Y to form a linear molecule. D. X and Y belong to the same group in the Periodic Table.
Formal Charges
Formal charges have an important role in organic chemistry since this concept helps us to know whether an atom in a molecule is neutral/bears a positive or negative charge. Even if some molecules are neutral, the atoms within that molecule need not be neutral atoms.
Polarity Of Water
In simple chemical terms, polarity refers to the separation of charges in a chemical species leading into formation of two polar ends which are positively charged end and negatively charged end. Polarity in any molecule occurs due to the differences in the electronegativities of the bonded atoms. Water, as we all know has two hydrogen atoms bonded to an oxygen atom. As oxygen is more electronegative than hydrogen thus, there exists polarity in the bonds which is why water is known as a polar solvent.
Valence Bond Theory Vbt
Valence bond theory (VBT) in simple terms explains how individual atomic orbitals with an unpaired electron each, come close to each other and overlap to form a molecular orbital giving a covalent bond. It gives a quantum mechanical approach to the formation of covalent bonds with the help of wavefunctions using attractive and repulsive energies when two atoms are brought from infinity to their internuclear distance.
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