7. a) Calculate the pH of a 2.0 M aqueous solution of H2SO4. b) Calculate the pH of a 5.0 × 10 M aqueous solution of H,SO4. 8. The pH of a solution of 19.5 g of malonic acid in 0.250 L is 1.47. The pH of a 0.300 M solution of sodium hydrogen malonate is 4.26. What are the values of Ka and K2.

7. a) Calculate the pH of a 2.0 M aqueous solution of H2SO4. b) Calculate the pH of a 5.0 × 10 M aqueous solution of H,SO4. 8. The pH of a solution of 19.5 g of malonic acid in 0.250 L is 1.47. The pH of a 0.300 M solution of sodium hydrogen malonate is 4.26. What are the values of Ka and K2.

Chemistry: Principles and Reactions

8th Edition

ISBN:9781305079373

Author:William L. Masterton, Cecile N. Hurley

Publisher:William L. Masterton, Cecile N. Hurley

Chapter14: Equilibria In Acid-base Solutions

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 60QAP: Consider an aqueous solution of HF. The molar heat of formation for aqueous HF is -320.1 kJ/mol. (a)...

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Two strategies are also followed when solving for the pH of a base in water. What is the strategy for calculating the pH of a strong base in water? List the strong bases mentioned in the text that should be committed to memory. Why is calculating the pH of Ca(OH)2 solutions a little more difficult than calculating the pH of NaOH solutions? Most bases are weak bases. The presence of what element most commonly results in basic properties for an organic compound? What is present on this element in compounds that allows it to accept a proton? Table 13-3 and Appendix 5 of the text list Kb values for some weak bases. What strategy is used to solve for the pH of a weak base in water? What assumptions are made when solving for the pH of weak base solutions? If the 5% rule fails, how do you calculate the pH of a weak base in water?
A solution of baking soda, NaHCO3, has a pH of 10.08. What is the percent (by mass) of NaHCO3 in a 235-mL solution? (Assume a density of 1.00 g/mL.)
Calculate the pH of a solution prepared by mixing 49.0 mL of butyric acid, HC4H7O2, with 6.15 g of KOH in water. The following data about butyric acid may be helpful: density=0.9595g/mL;K a =1.54105
The pH of 1.0 108 M hydrochloric acid is not 8.00. The correct pH can be calculated by considering the relationship between the molarities of the three principal ions in the solution (H+, Cl, and OH). These molarities can be calculated from algebraic equations that can be derived from the considerations given below. a. The solution is electrically neutral. b. The hydrochloric acid can be assumed to be 100% ionized. c. The product of the molarities of the hydronium ions and the hydroxide ions must equal Kw. Calculate the pH of a 1.0 108-M HCl solution.
Find [OH+], [OH-] and the pH of the following solutions. (a) 30.0 mL of a 0.216 M solution of HCI diluted with enough water to make 125 mL of solution. (b) A solution made by dissolving 275 mL of HBr gas at 25C and 1.00 atm in enough water to make 475 mL of solution. Assume that all the HBr dissolves in water.
What is a salt? List some anions that behave as weak bases in water. List some anions that have no basic properties in water. List some cations that behave as weak acids in water. List some cations that have no acidic properties in water. Using these lists, give some formulas for salts that have only weak base properties in water. What strategy would you use to solve for the pH of these basic salt solutions? Identify some salts that have only weak acid properties in water. What strategy would you use to solve for the pH of these acidic salt solutions? Identify some salts that have no acidic or basic properties in water (produce neutral solutions). When a salt contains both a weak acid ion and a weak base ion, how do you predict whether the solution pH is acidic, basic, or neutral?
Students are often surprised to learn that organic acids, such as acetic acid, contain OH groups. Actually, all oxyacids contain hydroxyl groups. Sulfuric acid, usually written as H2SO4, has the structural formula SO2(OH)2, where S is the central atom. Identify the acids whose structural formulas are shown below. Why do they behave as acids, while NaOH and KOH are bases? a. SO(OH)2 b. ClO2(OH) c. HPO(OH)2
For oxyacids, how does acid strength depend on a. the strength of the bond to the acidic hydrogen atom? b. the electronegativity of the element bonded to the oxygen atom that bears the acidic hydrogen? c. the number of oxygen atoms? How does the strength of a conjugate base depend on these factors? What type of solution forms when a nonmetal oxide dissolves in water? Give an example of such an oxide. What type of solution forms when a metal oxide dissolves in water? Give an example of such an oxide.
A 1000.-mL solution of hydrochloric acid has a pH of 1.3. Calculate the mass (g) of HCl dissolved in the solution.
The weak base, CIO (hypochlorite ion), is used in the form of NaCIO as a disinfectant in swimming pools and water treatment plants. What are the concentrations of HCIO and OH and the pH of a 0.015 M solution of NaCIO?
What is the pH of a 0.10 M solution of oxalic acid, H2C2C4? What are the concentrations of H3O+, HC2O4, and the oxalate ion, C2O42? (See Appendix H for Ka values.)
The base ethylamine (CH3CH2NH2) has a Kb of. A closely related base, ethanolamine(HOCH2CH2NH2), has a Kb of 3.2105. (a) Which of the two bases is stronger? (b) Calculate the pH of a 0.10M solution of the strong base?

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