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- 4. Modern physics. Please provide a clear, correct, and well explained solution for the followingWhy are some radioactive substances dangerous for a very long time? Select one: a. Some radioactive substances have very long half-lives. It takes a long time for the number of radioactive atoms to decrease. b. Some radioactive atoms combine easily with minerals in the ground, so they can't be removed from the environment. c. Some radioactive atoms combine easily with organic molecules. They get into the food chain where they can't be removed. d. Some radioactive molecules are very light, so they stay in the air for long periods of time.The uranium isotope U-238 has a half-life of about 4.5 × 109 years. i) BOOKWORK Consider 1 mole (238 gm) of isotopically pure uranium U-238. Calculate its activity, and sketch a graph of the activity of the U-238 over the next ten billion years or so. Label the axes with appropriate numbers and units. Mark on the graph the half-life and the characteristic time of decay. ii) UNSEEN The uranium isotope U-238 decays through a chain of fourteen relatively short-lived radionuclides with half-lives of less than one million years before reaching a stable isotope of lead. Bricks, sand, tiles and other building materials typically have an activity of about 50 Bq per kg due to their primordial uranium content, the uranium made in stars and later present in the materials making up our rocks. Estimate the concentration of U-238 in building materials. First consider only the U-238, and then refine your estimate by taking the decay chain into account.
- Part a. Approximately how much mass remains after 8.0 hours?Part b. Approximately how much mass would remain after 21.0 hours?Part c. What is the half-life for this isotope?9. Cadmium-107 has a half life of 6.52 hours. If you start off with sample which has an activity of 1.0×1010 Bq, what will the activity in Bq be after the following times (a) 6.52 hours; (b) 3 days.Given a half-life of a radioactive source is 435 years. Calculate the time taken for its activity to reduce from 4.5 Ci to 0.14 Ci? A. 2178 years B. 3245 years C. 1993 years D. 1896 years
- 33. A radioactive substance whose mass is 200 mg will decay to 180 mg after 12 years. Determine the half-life of this substance. A. 77.95 years B. 78.95 years C. 79.95 years D. 80.95 yearsThe half-life of a certain radioactive element is such that 7/8 of a given quantity decays in 12 days. What fraction remains undecayed after 24 days? A. O B. 1/32 C. 1/64 D. 1/128235U is radioactive, with a long half-life of 704 million years. The decay products of a 235U fission reaction typically have half-lives of a few minutes. this means that the decay products of a fission reaction haveA. Much higher activity than the original uranium.B. Much lower activity than the original uranium.C. The same activity as the original uranium.
- The half-life of radium-226 is 1.6 x 10 years. How long will it take for 20.0 mg of radium-226 to decay to 2.50 mg? 1.3 x 103 1.6 x 10' years A. years B. 3.2 x 10 years 103 С. D. 4.8 x years1. A radioactive material has an activity of 50mCi, what would be its activity after 3 days if this radioactive material has a half-life of 8 hrs?A picture supposedly painted by Vermeer (1632-1675) contains 99.5% of its carbon-14 (half-life of 5730 years). 1. Is this enough information to determine if the picture is a fake? 2. What is the strategy for attacking the problem?